Question

Describe any two instances where the use of cultured cells (chicken eggs, membranes, cultured cells) greatly enhanced vaccine research.It would be good if you can provide some insights into how this was a huge improvement over using live animals for producing the vaccines. for example Polio, HAV, retrovirus

Answer 1

In the history of cell culture and vaccine development, a large breakthrough was the use of embryonated chicken eggs for viral growth by Goodpasture’s in 1931. From this, came Theiler’s safe and effective minced chick tissue vaccine 17D virus strain against yellow fever that found enormous application in tropical countries.

A major development in cell substrates was the use of primary monkey kidney cells for the manufacture of the Salk inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). Trivalent killed Salk polio-vaccine was prepared using virus grown in primary Macacus monkey renal cell cultures