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In Grove snails, gene A codes for the production of black pigment. The dominant allele A...

In Grove snails, gene A codes for the production of black pigment. The dominant allele A blocks the production of black pigment, leaving the shell yellow. Pigment is only produced in homozygote recessive aa. A second gene, D, controls where pigment is deposited, with the dominant allele D restricting pigment deposition to a narrow striped area (see Fig. at right). Genotype dd leads to uniform pigment deposition across the shell.

Following several dihybrid crosses (AaDd × AaDd), the ratio of progeny shell phenotypes is 12 solid yellow : 3 yellow-striped : 1 solid black.

a. Indicate which genotype classes give rise to which phenotypes.

b. Draw genetic pathways to illustrate the interactions between genes A and D that give rise to each of the three phenotypes.

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