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3. Phosphorous atoms, at a concentration of 5x1021cm-3, are added to a pure sample of intrinsic...

3. Phosphorous atoms, at a concentration of 5x1021cm-3, are added to a pure sample of intrinsic silicon where each phosphorous atom replaces one silicon atom. Assume that phosphorous atoms are distributed homogeneously throughout the silicon sample. What is the atomic fraction of phosphorous in the resulting material? What is the fraction by weight of phosphorous in the resulting material?

4. It is desired to produce x-ray radiation with a wavelength of 1.5A. These x-rays are generated by colliding high energy electrons onto a target. Through what potential voltage difference must the electron be accelerated in vacuum so that it can, upon colliding with a target, generate such a photon? Assume that all of the electron energy is transferred to the photon.

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Answer #1

4.  E = h nu = hc/lambda
= [6.626 x 10-34 J s](3 x 108 m/s) / [1.5 x 10-10 m]
= 1.3252 x 10-15 J

This converts to 8.3 keV, so the required potential difference is 8.3 kV.

3. Need correct numerical quantities.

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