Question

List the essential metabolites and the catabolic pathway where they (the essential metabolites) are synthesized,

Answer 1

Ans - List of essential metabolites pathway and their metabolites is:

There is a very large number of metabolic pathways. In humans, the most important metabolic pathways are: 1.Glycolysis- glucose oxidation in order to obtain ATP.

2.Citric acid cycle (Krebs' cycle) - acetyl-CoA oxidation in order to obtain GTP and valuable intermediates.

3.Oxidative phosphorylation - disposal of the electrons released by glycolysis and citric acid cycle. Much of the energy released in this process can be stored as ATP.

4.Pentose phosphate pathway - synthesis of pentoses and release of the reducing power needed for anabolic reactions.

5.Urea cycle - disposal of NH₄⁺ in less toxic forms.

6.Fatty acid β-oxidation - fatty acids breakdown into acetyl-CoA, to be used by the Krebs' cycle.

7.Gluconeogenesis - glucose synthesis from smaller percursors, to be used by the brain.

# catabolic pathway is a series of reactions that bring about a net release of energy in the form of a high energy phosphate bond formed with the energy carriers adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP), respectively. The net reaction is, therefore, thermodynamically favorable, for it results in a lower free energy for the final products.a catabolic pathway is an exergonic system that produces chemical energy in the form of ATP, GTP, NADH, NADPH, FADH2, etc. from energy containing sources such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Example is Cellular respiration etc.