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Describe how the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) works. What are the three steps in a PCR...

Describe how the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) works. What are the three steps in a PCR cycle and what is happening at each step?

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The polymerase chain reaction is a process of DNA amplification which produces large copies of DNA molecules from the template strand.

There are 3 important steps of PCR

  1. Denaturation: double-stranded DNA is separated into single-stranded DNA at high temperature (94C), this separation is necessary for primer binding

  2. Annealing: Annealing of primers (short DNA fragments) complementary to 3’ end of the DNA at 54C.

  3. Extension: Active DNA polymerase initiates polymerization synthesizing DNA over the template strand (72C).

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