Question

1-If something goes wrong during the process of cell division what could be the possible consequences for that cell? For example, what would happen if the chromosomes do not separate properly during Anaphase I of Meiosis?

2-Is there a true dominant trait in this type of inheritance? How about recessive trait?

Answer 1

Separation of chromosome during Anaphase stage is known as chromosomal disjunction. If this separation does not occur properly then it is known as chromosomal non disjunction.

In anaphase I there is separation of homologous chromosomes and in Anaphase II there is separation of sister chromatids.

Nondisjunction during Anaphase I can lead to unequal number of chromosome in daughter cells and result in aneuploidy or sometimes polyploidy.

Aneuploidy occurs when there is nondisjunction of one or two chromosome. It cause 2n+1 or 2n+2 or 2n-1 or 2n-2.

Polyploidy occurs when whole set of chromosome fails to disjunction. And hence daughter cells may have 3n or sometimes 4n.

Due to nondisjunction alleles fails to separate and hence dominant recessive inheritance is disturbed. There will be true dominant trait but there won't be true recessive trait if individual is heterozygous.