Question

Forebrain:           cerebrum            cortex                       hypothalamus               thalamus          pituitary gland

1. The _____________ is largest part of brain which receives sensory input, integrates info, commands voluntary motor responses, works with other brain parts, and is site of consciousness
2. Cerebral ____________is the thin highly folded outer gray matter that covers cerebral hemispheres and is responsible for sensation, voluntary movement, all thought, consciousness
3. The __________________ is integration center that helps with homeostasis by regulating hunger, sleep, thirst, water, body temperature, and water balance.   It controls the pituitary gland thus serves as link between nervous and endocrine system.
4. The __________receives most sensory input, integrates info, and sends it to right place in cerebrum
5. The ___________ _________ , an important endocrine gland, extends down from the hypothalamus and is controlled by the hypothalamus.

Midbrain - relay station for tracts between cerebrum and spinal cord or cerebellum

Hindbrain:   cerebellum       pons       medulla oblongata

The ___________________ maintains posture and balance; coordinates voluntary muscle movements; and is Involved in learning of motor skills (ex; playing baseball, playing piano)

The _________ is bridge from cerebellum to rest of CNS

The _____________ ______________ is important for involuntary activities: heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, digesting, …   some reflex centers.

42.3 Cellular Basis of Learning and Memory

1. Define the terms learning and memory, and describe their relationship to one another.

____________ is the process by which new information is acquired.

_____________ is the ability to store and retrieve information derived from experience and is essential for learning. Memory may be short – or long- term.   Memories may be factual or skills

3 factors that help transfer information from short term to long term memory

1. Repetition or rehearsal
2. Association with emotions
3. Association of new data with data previously learned and stored

What study skills can enhance this transfer of information to long-term memory? _____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Discuss how memory is related to changes in the strength of connections.

Hippocampus of the limbic system is a key region of the brain involved with learning and memory.

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is the long-lasting strengthening of connections between neurons.

Multiple stimuli caused neurons to communicate more readily, responses were stronger and longer.

Long-term memory involves activation of genes in the presynaptic cell and ultimately protein synthesis. These proteins lead to addition of more connections at synapses. Such a change in strength of the connection between 2 neurons, which occurs as a result of learning, is termed synaptic plasticity.

1. What part of the limbic system is a key brain region involved with learning and memory? ____________
2. What is the long-lasting strengthening of connections between neurons?________________

______________________

3. What causes neurons to communicate better with stronger and longer lasting responses? _____________________________
4. Synaptic plasticity is a change in strength of the connection between 2 what? ___________

Answer 1

1. The ___CEREBRUM__________ is largest part of brain which receives sensory input, integrates info, commands voluntary motor responses, works with other brain parts, and is site of consciousness
2. Cerebral __CORTEX__________is the thin highly folded outer gray matter that covers cerebral hemispheres and is responsible for sensation, voluntary movement, all thought, consciousness
3. The __HYPOTHALAMUS________________ is integration center that helps with homeostasis by regulating hunger, sleep, thirst, water, body temperature, and water balance.   It controls the pituitary gland thus serves as link between nervous and endocrine system.
4. The ____THALAMUS______receives most sensory input, integrates info, and sends it to right place in cerebrum
5. The ____PITUITARY GLAND_______ _________ , an important endocrine gland, extends down from the hypothalamus and is controlled by the hypothalamus.