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In plaque assay, why is soft agar used in the top layer? Why is it important...

In plaque assay, why is soft agar used in the top layer?
Why is it important that bacterial cells should be in the exponential phase for this experiment?
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The plaque assay will help determine the individual of virus. The overlay assist agar helps to keep the cells  stable. It also helps to limit the spread of virus. So that when virus lyse a bacterial cell and comes out, it infects the neighboring cells and plaques could be formed.

The bacterial is exponential phase carry out  active metabolism and rapid cell division. The secondary metabolites, bacterial defense systems and bacterial cell are young and easy to manipulate. Exponential phase cells are prone to easier viral attacks, stress sensible and sensitive to antibiotics. Hence this is the ideal phase to study viral plaque assay.

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