Question

List the general functions of the endocrine system:

1.

2.

3.

4.

Give an example of the following:

1.         Hormonal stimulation

Where a hormone is released in response to another hormone:

2.         Humoral stimulation

            Where the release of a hormone is in response to changes in the level of a nutrient or ion in the

            blood:

3.         Nervous system stimulation

            Where the release of a hormone is in response to stimulation by the nervous system:

1.         What are the three different hormone types?

            a.

            b.

            c.

2.         What are local hormones?

What is the primary type of local hormone?

Answer 1

1. The endocrine system is a network of glands and organs located throughout the body. It plays a vital role in controlling and regulating many of the body’s functions.

Function of Endocrine system

The endocrine system is responsible for regulating a range of bodily functions through the release of hormones.

The functions that are controlled by the endocrine system include:

• Respiration
• Metabolism
• Reproduction
• Sensory perception
• Movement
• Sexual development
• heart rate
• blood pressure
• appetite
• sleeping and waking cycles

Endocrine system organs

The endocrine system is made up of a complex network of glands, which are organs that secrete substances.

The glands of the endocrine system are where hormones are produced, stored, and released. Each gland produces one or more hormones, which go on to target specific organs and tissues in the body.

The glands of the endocrine system include:

• Hypothalamus. While some people don’t consider it a gland, the hypothalamus produces multiple hormones that control the pituitary gland. It’s also involved in regulating many functions, including sleep-wake cycles, body temperature, and appetite. It can also regulate the function of other endocrine glands.
• Pituitary. The pituitary gland is located below the hypothalamus. The hormones it produces affect growth and reproduction. They can also control the function of other endocrine glands.
• Pineal. This gland is found in the middle of your brain. It’s important for your sleep-wake cycles.
• Thyroid. The thyroid gland is located in the front part of your neck. It’s very important for metabolism.
• Parathyroid. Also located in the front of your neck, the parathyroid gland is important for maintaining control of calcium levels in your bones and blood.
• Thymus. Located in the upper torso, the thymus is active until puberty and produces hormones important for the development of a type of white blood cell called a T cell.
• Adrenal. One adrenal gland can be found on top of each kidney. These glands produce hormones important for regulating functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, and stress response.
• Pancreas. The pancreas is located in your abdomen behind your stomach. Its endocrine function involves controlling blood sugar levels.

Endocrine system hormones

Hormones are the chemicals the endocrine system uses to send messages to organs and tissue throughout the body. Once released into the bloodstream, they travel to their target organ or tissue, which has receptors that recognize and react to the hormone.

hormones that are produced by the endocrine system are :

Hormone                                                        Secreting gland(s)   

adrenaline adrenal

aldosterone adrenal    

cortisol                                                                        adrenal

estrogen                                                                      ovary  

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) pituitary

glucagon                                                                    pancreas         

insulin pancreas        

luteinizing hormone (LH) pituitary  

melatonin                                                                     pituitary         

oxytocin                                                                         pituitary       

parathyroid hormone parathyroid     

progesterone ovary         

prolactin                                                                        pituitary      

testosterone                                                                 ovary, teste, adrenal           

thyroid hormone                                                              thyroid