Question

please answer the following questions in few sentences as possible ( someone can answer all the question please)

- When citric acid cycle is not needed for catabolic reactions how does is still get its essential enzymes?

- Are the (-) linkages only involved in the T states and the (+) only in the R state? I dont understand how these work or why they are important?

- Why are there 4 cyt cs in complex IV. Only 2 are made in the Q cycle?

- What is the function of FMN? Does it have a hand in creating an electrochemical gradient in complex I?

Thanks!

Answer 1

-Citric acid cycle is both catabolic and anabolic in nature. It is anabolic when some of the compound serve as a precursors for synthesis of other major components. Such as ketoglutrate and oxaloacetate serve as a precursor for glutamate and aspartate.

As it's intermediate are used as precursors, they get replinshed by anaplerotic reaction. For instance pyruvate form oxaloacetate.

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