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6. LESSON 6 (1) Let A be the set of people alive on earth. For each relation defined below, determine if it is an equivalence

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2) REFLEXIVE: (x,x) does not belongs to S(x,y) because x can not be brother or sister of himself/herself. so S(x,y) is not reflexive.

SYMMETRIC:if (x,y) belongs to S(x,y) then x is brother or sister of y. that means y is also brother or sister of x and hence (y,x) also belongs to S(x,y). Therefore given relation is symmetric.

TRANSITIVE: let (x,y) and (y,x) belongs to S(x,y) then (x,x) does not belongs to S(x,y) as x can not be brother or sister of himself/herself. so given relation is not transitive.

S is not an equivalence relation as it is not reflexive and transitive.

3)R={(a,a),(b,b),(c,c),(d,d),(a,b),(a,c),(a,d),(b,a),(b,c),(b,d),(c,a),(c,b),(c,d),(d,a),(d,b)(d,c)}

There are 16 elements in above relation. These are the largest number possible for equivalence relation on given set A

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