what are the alrernative pain management options. please give reference!
Ans) Alternative treatments for chronic pain:
- Acupuncture: Once seen as bizarre, acupuncture is rapidly
becoming a mainstream treatment for pain. Studies have found that
it works for pain caused by many conditions, including
fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis, back injuries, and sports
injuries.
How does it work? No one's quite sure. It could release
pain-numbing chemicals in the body. Or it might block the pain
signals coming from the nerves.
- Marijuana: Setting aside the controversy, marijuana has been
shown to have medicinal properties and can help with some types of
chronic pain.
However, marijuana does have risks. For some people, Cohen says,
those risks can be serious, including addiction and psychosis.
Because of the dangers and the obvious potential for abuse, experts
generally only turn to marijuana when all other treatments have
failed.
On a practical level, you also need to be aware of the laws
regarding the use of medical marijuana in your state. There are
also two prescription drugs, called pharmaceutical cannabinoids,
that are derived from the active ingredient of marijuana. They are
sometimes used for pain, although they are only FDA-approved for
nausea caused by chemotherapy and HIV-related weight loss.
- Exercise: Going for a walk isn't a treatment, exactly. But
regular physical activity has big benefits for people with many
different painful conditions. Study after study has found that
physical activity can help relieve chronic pain, as well as boost
energy and mood.
If you have chronic pain, you should check in with a doctor before
you start an exercise routine, especially if you have any health
conditions. Your doctor might have some guidance on what to avoid,
at least as you get started.
- Chiropractic manipulation: Although mainstream medicine has
traditionally regarded spinal manipulation with suspicion, it's
becoming a more accepted treatment. "I think chiropractic treatment
works reasonably well for lower back pain."Studies have shown that
it's comparable to other approaches."
- Supplements and vitamins: There is evidence that certain dietary
supplements and vitamins can help with certain types of pain. Fish
oil is often used to reduce pain associated with swelling. Topical
capsaicin, derived from chili peppers, may help with arthritis,
diabetic nerve pain, and other conditions. There's evidence that
glucosamine can help relieve moderate to severe pain from
osteoarthritis in the knee.
But when it comes to supplements, you have to be careful. They can
have risks. Oaklander says that high doses of vitamin B6 can damage
the nerves. Some studies suggest that supplements such as ginkgo
biloba and ginseng can thin the blood and increase the risk of
bleeding. This could lead to serious consequences for anyone
getting surgery for chronic pain.
So treat supplements and vitamins warily, like you would treat any
drug. Always check with a doctor before you start taking
supplements, especially if you have any medical conditions or take
other medication.
- Therapy: Some people with chronic pain balk at the idea of seeing
a therapist -- they think it implies that their pain isn't real.
But studies show that depression and chronic pain often go
together. Chronic pain can cause or worsen depression; depression
can lower a person's tolerance for pain.
So consider giving therapy a try. Cohen says he's seen particularly
good results with cognitive behavioral therapy, a practical
approach that helps people identify and change the thought and
behavior patterns that contribute to their unhappiness.
- Stress-reduction techniques. "Reducing stress is really crucial
in pain management," There are number of approaches,
including:
• Yoga: There's good evidence that yoga can help with chronic pain
-- specifically fibromyalgia, neck pain, back pain, and
arthritis.
• Relaxation therapy: This is actually a category of techniques
that help people calm the body and release tension -- a process
that might also reduce pain. Some approaches teach people how to
focus on their breathing. Research shows that relaxation therapy
can help with fibromyalgia, headache, osteoarthritis, and other
conditions.
• Hypnosis: Studies have found this approach helpful with different
sorts of pain, like back pain, repetitive strain injuries, and
cancer pain.
• Guided imagery: Research shows that guided imagery can help with
conditions like headache pain, cancer pain, osteoarthritis, and
fibromyalgia.
• Music therapy: This approach gets people to either perform or
listen to music. Studies have found that it can help with many
different pain conditions, like osteoarthritis and cancer
pain.
Biofeedback. This approach teaches you how to control normally
unconscious bodily functions, like blood pressure or your heart
rate. Studies have found that it can help with headaches,
fibromyalgia, and other conditions.
• Massage: It's undeniably relaxing. And there's some evidence that
massage can help ease pain from rheumatoid arthritis, neck and back
injuries, and fibromyalgia.
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