Question

CASE STUDY A Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 Mr. M. has had type 1 diabetes for 15 years. He has just been admitted to the hospital with severe pyelonephritis, a kidney infection. 1. Describe the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes 2. Explain why urinary tract infections are common in people with diabetes. Explain how acute renal failure could develop.

Answer 1

Patho physiology of type 1 diabetes:

1. Due to possible risk factors like environment, genetic and immunological factors,

Causes the destruction of Islet cells of pancreas,

This leads to insulin deficiency

Causes diabetes type 1.

2. Urinary tractor infection in diabetes:

Diabetes patient will have glucosuria ( presence of glucose in urine).

Diabetes patient won't empty the bladder properly, causes urinary stasis.

This urinary stasis encourage bacteria growth, that causes the UTI.

3. Acute rental failure:

Diabetes patient will have hyper glycemia.

The kidney Glomeruli struggle to filter this hyper glycemic blood. This leads to diabetes nephropathy. Nephron's are affected.

This struggle can cause the rental failure.