Why do you think that ras is the most commonly deregulated protein in the RTK/ras/MAPK pathway?
Why do you think that ras is the most commonly deregulated protein in the RTK/ras/MAPK pathway?
Homework Answers
Answer:- Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK)/Ras GTPase/MAP kinase
(MAPK) signaling pathways are usually used during metazoan
development to control many biological substitution.
- mostly ras is deregulated because in nematode Caenorhabditis
elegans, two different RTKs (LET-23/EGFR and EGL-15/FGFR) are known
to stimulate LET-60/Ras and a MAPK cascade consisting of the
kinases MEK-2/MEK and MPK-1/ERk..
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Why do you think that ras is the most commonly deregulated protein in the RTK/ras/MAPK pathway?
2. The following is a description of a signaling pathway initiated by receptor tyrosine kinases. Ligand → RTK → Sos → Ras → Raf → MEK → ERK → Transcription factor → Cell growth A. (3pts) Which of the...
2. The following is a description of a signaling pathway initiated by receptor tyrosine kinases. Ligand → RTK → Sos → Ras → Raf → MEK → ERK → Transcription factor → Cell growth A. (3pts) Which of these steps indicates the protein is activated after a GTP exchange step? B. (3pts) Which of these proteins can be deactivated by phosphatases? C. (4pts) Describe a mutation that would cause Ras to be permanently "on"? Would this mutation lead to high...
What signal transduction pathway is utilized almost exclusively by interferons? Jak-STAT pathway cAMP-PKA pathway Ras-MAPK pathway...
What signal transduction pathway is utilized almost exclusively by interferons? Jak-STAT pathway cAMP-PKA pathway Ras-MAPK pathway NF-kB pathway Gluconeogenesis pathway
Outline the differences between the Ras/MAPK pathway and the PI3K/Akt pathway. How are these pathways activated?...
Outline the differences between the Ras/MAPK pathway and the PI3K/Akt pathway. How are these pathways activated? What types of molecule each of these pathways? s are involved? What are the consequences of activation of
The small monomeric G protein Ras is an important component of most receptor tyrosine kinase signaling...
The small monomeric G protein Ras is an important component of most receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways. It can regulate a number of downstream signaling components, perhaps most famously the MAPK cascade. Unlike other monomeric G proteins that we have discussed previously in class, Ras is anchored at the plasma membrane by a covalently bound lipid anchor. If Ras was specifically mutated so that it did not get this lipid modification (but was otherwise completely unchanged), what do you hypothesize...
Ras is a proto-oncogene. A single mutation in the ras gene, resulting in a single amino...
Ras is a proto-oncogene. A single mutation in the ras gene, resulting in a single amino acid change in the Ras protein, can significantly reduce the GTPase activity of Ras contributing to cellular transformation. a. How would a reduction in Ras GTPase activity effect signaling via an RTK pathway? Why? b. How might a gene therapy approach, in which a GAP protein is transfected into the transformed cell, be utilized in an attempt to rectify this situation?
Which of the following is NOT an intracellular signaling protein activated by an RTK pathway? Akt...
Which of the following is NOT an intracellular signaling protein activated by an RTK pathway? Akt Raf Erk adenylyl cyclase
Last guy got it wrong - Thank you. 2. You discover a signal transduction pathway that...
Last guy got it wrong - Thank you.
2. You discover a signal transduction pathway that regulates actin polymerization. SigC is the ligand, which binds to and activates a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Activation of the RTK leads to the activation of the Ras protein, which then activates the protein kinase PK1 that phosphorylates the RingA protein on S34. When SigC plasma membrane phosphorylated, RingA binds EXTRACELLULAR to the gene regulatory SPACE inactive Ras protein activated Ras protein protein, AP1....
Like the Ras protein itself, the various components of the Ras signaling pathway are changed in...
Like the Ras protein itself, the various components of the Ras signaling pathway are changed in cancer cells. What might be the biochemical consequence of mutations in the genes coding for (a) Raf and (b) MAP kinase that result in rapid cell division?
Which protein factor is found in the nucleus? (For MAPK signaling pathway -- yeast) Ste2 Ste5 Ste7 Ste12
Which protein factor is found in the nucleus? (For MAPK signaling pathway -- yeast) Ste2 Ste5 Ste7 Ste12
Classes 7-8 Cytoplasmic Growth Signaling Be able to describe Ras structure and function. What kind of...
Classes 7-8 Cytoplasmic Growth Signaling Be able to describe Ras structure and function. What kind of protein is it? How is it regulated (Fig. 5.30)? How many forms of Ras do humans express? Be able to describe how Ras interacts with multiple downstream partners. What mechanisms render ras oncogenic? Also, how does Ras become oncogenic in the absence of ras mutations? Be able to describe how Ras interacts with the growth factor receptor signaling machinery. How did fly genetics help...
2. The following is a description of a signaling pathway initiated by receptor tyrosine kinases. Ligand → RTK → Sos → Ras → Raf → MEK → ERK → Transcription factor → Cell growth A. (3pts) Which of these steps indicates the protein is activated after a GTP exchange step? B. (3pts) Which of these proteins can be deactivated by phosphatases? C. (4pts) Describe a mutation that would cause Ras to be permanently "on"? Would this mutation lead to high...
Outline the differences between the Ras/MAPK pathway and the PI3K/Akt pathway. How are these pathways activated? What types of molecule each of these pathways? s are involved? What are the consequences of activation of
The small monomeric G protein Ras is an important component of most receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways. It can regulate a number of downstream signaling components, perhaps most famously the MAPK cascade. Unlike other monomeric G proteins that we have discussed previously in class, Ras is anchored at the plasma membrane by a covalently bound lipid anchor. If Ras was specifically mutated so that it did not get this lipid modification (but was otherwise completely unchanged), what do you hypothesize...
Which of the following is NOT an intracellular signaling protein activated by an RTK pathway? Akt Raf Erk adenylyl cyclase
Last guy got it wrong - Thank you.
2. You discover a signal transduction pathway that regulates actin polymerization. SigC is the ligand, which binds to and activates a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Activation of the RTK leads to the activation of the Ras protein, which then activates the protein kinase PK1 that phosphorylates the RingA protein on S34. When SigC plasma membrane phosphorylated, RingA binds EXTRACELLULAR to the gene regulatory SPACE inactive Ras protein activated Ras protein protein, AP1....
Classes 7-8 Cytoplasmic Growth Signaling Be able to describe Ras structure and function. What kind of protein is it? How is it regulated (Fig. 5.30)? How many forms of Ras do humans express? Be able to describe how Ras interacts with multiple downstream partners. What mechanisms render ras oncogenic? Also, how does Ras become oncogenic in the absence of ras mutations? Be able to describe how Ras interacts with the growth factor receptor signaling machinery. How did fly genetics help...
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