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Problem 5 (10 points) A gray surface has a directional emissivity isotropic with respect to circumferential angle as sh...
Problem 5 (10 points) A gray surface has a directional emissivity isotropic with respect to circumferential angle as sh...
Problem 5 (10 points) A gray surface has a directional emissivity isotropic with respect to circumferential angle as shown in the figure. The properties are (a) What is the hemispherical emissivity of this surface? (b) If the energy from a directions, what fraction of the incident energy is absorbed by this surface? (c) If the surface is placed in a very cold environment, at what rate must energy be added per unit area to maintain the surface temperature at 1000...
Problem 4 (10 points) The directional total absorptivity of a gray surface is given by the expression a(0) 0.450cos20 w...
Problem 4 (10 points) The directional total absorptivity of a gray surface is given by the expression a(0) 0.450cos20 where 0 is the angle away from the normal to the surface. (a) What is the hemispherical total emissivity of the surface? (b) What is the hemispherical- hemispherical total reflectivity of this surface for diffuse incident radiation (uniform incident intensity)? (c) What is the hemispherical-directional total reflectivity for diffuse incident radiation reflected into a direction 75° from the normal?
Problem 4...
Problem 4 (10 points) The directional total absorptivity of a gray surface is given by the expression a(0) 0.450cos20 w...
Problem 4 (10 points) The directional total absorptivity of a gray surface is given by the expression a(0) 0.450cos20 where 0 is the angle away from the normal to the surface. (a) What is the hemispherical total emissivity of the surface? (b) What is the hemispherical- hemispherical total reflectivity of this surface for diffuse incident radiation (uniform incident intensity)? (c) What is the hemispherical-directional total reflectivity for diffuse incident radiation reflected into a direction 75° from the normal?
Problem 4...
Problem 4 (10 points) The directional total absorptivity of a gray surface is given by the expression a(0) 0.450cos20 w...
Problem 4 (10 points) The directional total absorptivity of a gray surface is given by the expression a(0) 0.450cos20 where 0 is the angle away from the normal to the surface. (a) What is the hemispherical total emissivity of the surface? (b) What is the hemispherical- hemispherical total reflectivity of this surface for diffuse incident radiation (uniform incident intensity)? (c) What is the hemispherical-directional total reflectivity for diffuse incident radiation reflected into a direction 75° from the normal?
Problem 4...
Problem 6 (10 рoints) A gray surface has a directional total emissivity that depends on angle of incidence as E(0) 0.78...
Problem 6 (10 рoints) A gray surface has a directional total emissivity that depends on angle of incidence as E(0) 0.788 cos 0. Uniform radiant energy from a single direction normal to the cylinder axis is incident on a long cylinder of radius R. What fraction of energy striking the cylinder is reflected? What is the result if the body is a sphere rather than a cylinder? Qincident R All problems taken from John Howell, M. Minar Mengüc, and Robert...
Measurement of the spectral, directional absorptivity of a certain non-reflecting surface shows that directional and spectral...
Measurement of the spectral, directional absorptivity of a
certain non-reflecting surface shows that directional and spectral
dependencies may be model as the product of two independent
functions:
This surface is irradiated by diffuse blackbody radiation at a
temperature of 5800 K. Note that the intensity of ideal radiation
can be calculated at Ib=
Eb/pi(W/m2 -sr). The surface is at a uniform
temperature of 300 K.
Determine the rate that energy is absorbed by the surface
(W/m2 )
Determine the net...
Problem 3 (15 points) A white ceramic surface has a hemispherical spectral emissivity distribution at 1600 K as shown....
Problem 3 (15 points) A white ceramic surface has a hemispherical spectral emissivity distribution at 1600 K as shown. What is the hemispherical total emissivity of the surface at this surface temperature? My guess is you need to do a numerical integration here. 1.0 0.8 0.6 E N 0.4 0.2 10 10 2 4 6 8 10 12 λ, μ
Problem 3 (15 points) A white ceramic surface has a hemispherical spectral emissivity distribution at 1600 K as shown. What...
124 3 RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF REAL SURFACES 3.3 For optimum performance a solar collector surface has been treated...
124 3 RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF REAL SURFACES 3.3 For optimum performance a solar collector surface has been treated so that, for the spectral, directional emittance < 45° 0> 45° λ<2 μm, 0 0.9 cos 20, 0.0 all 0, λ> 2 μη. 0.1, For solar incidence of 15° off-normal and a collector temperature of 400 K, what is the relevant ratio of absorptance to emittance? 3.4) A long, cylindrical antenna of 1 cm radius on an whose emittance is Earth-orbiting satellite...
How much power (power is the energy per second) is radiated by the person
Radiation of Energy The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is determined by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation: = aeAT4 where o 5.67x10-8 J/s - m2 K is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, A is the surface area of the object, and T is its absolute temperature in kelvin. The symbol e stands for the emissivity of the object, which is a measure of how well it radiates An ideal jet-black (or black body) radiator has e 1,whereas a perfect reflector has...
summatize the following info and break them into differeng key points. write them in yojr own...
summatize the following info and break them into differeng key points. write them in yojr own words
apartus
6.1 Introduction—The design of a successful hot box appa- ratus is influenced by many factors. Before beginning the design of an apparatus meeting this standard, the designer shall review the discussion on the limitations and accuracy, Section 13, discussions of the energy flows in a hot box, Annex A2, the metering box wall loss flow, Annex A3, and flanking loss, Annex...
Problem 5 (10 points) A gray surface has a directional emissivity isotropic with respect to circumferential angle as shown in the figure. The properties are (a) What is the hemispherical emissivity of this surface? (b) If the energy from a directions, what fraction of the incident energy is absorbed by this surface? (c) If the surface is placed in a very cold environment, at what rate must energy be added per unit area to maintain the surface temperature at 1000...
Problem 4 (10 points) The directional total absorptivity of a gray surface is given by the expression a(0) 0.450cos20 where 0 is the angle away from the normal to the surface. (a) What is the hemispherical total emissivity of the surface? (b) What is the hemispherical- hemispherical total reflectivity of this surface for diffuse incident radiation (uniform incident intensity)? (c) What is the hemispherical-directional total reflectivity for diffuse incident radiation reflected into a direction 75° from the normal?
Problem 4...
Problem 4 (10 points) The directional total absorptivity of a gray surface is given by the expression a(0) 0.450cos20 where 0 is the angle away from the normal to the surface. (a) What is the hemispherical total emissivity of the surface? (b) What is the hemispherical- hemispherical total reflectivity of this surface for diffuse incident radiation (uniform incident intensity)? (c) What is the hemispherical-directional total reflectivity for diffuse incident radiation reflected into a direction 75° from the normal?
Problem 4...
Problem 4 (10 points) The directional total absorptivity of a gray surface is given by the expression a(0) 0.450cos20 where 0 is the angle away from the normal to the surface. (a) What is the hemispherical total emissivity of the surface? (b) What is the hemispherical- hemispherical total reflectivity of this surface for diffuse incident radiation (uniform incident intensity)? (c) What is the hemispherical-directional total reflectivity for diffuse incident radiation reflected into a direction 75° from the normal?
Problem 4...
Problem 6 (10 рoints) A gray surface has a directional total emissivity that depends on angle of incidence as E(0) 0.788 cos 0. Uniform radiant energy from a single direction normal to the cylinder axis is incident on a long cylinder of radius R. What fraction of energy striking the cylinder is reflected? What is the result if the body is a sphere rather than a cylinder? Qincident R All problems taken from John Howell, M. Minar Mengüc, and Robert...
Measurement of the spectral, directional absorptivity of a
certain non-reflecting surface shows that directional and spectral
dependencies may be model as the product of two independent
functions:
This surface is irradiated by diffuse blackbody radiation at a
temperature of 5800 K. Note that the intensity of ideal radiation
can be calculated at Ib=
Eb/pi(W/m2 -sr). The surface is at a uniform
temperature of 300 K.
Determine the rate that energy is absorbed by the surface
(W/m2 )
Determine the net...
Problem 3 (15 points) A white ceramic surface has a hemispherical spectral emissivity distribution at 1600 K as shown. What is the hemispherical total emissivity of the surface at this surface temperature? My guess is you need to do a numerical integration here. 1.0 0.8 0.6 E N 0.4 0.2 10 10 2 4 6 8 10 12 λ, μ
Problem 3 (15 points) A white ceramic surface has a hemispherical spectral emissivity distribution at 1600 K as shown. What...
124 3 RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF REAL SURFACES 3.3 For optimum performance a solar collector surface has been treated so that, for the spectral, directional emittance < 45° 0> 45° λ<2 μm, 0 0.9 cos 20, 0.0 all 0, λ> 2 μη. 0.1, For solar incidence of 15° off-normal and a collector temperature of 400 K, what is the relevant ratio of absorptance to emittance? 3.4) A long, cylindrical antenna of 1 cm radius on an whose emittance is Earth-orbiting satellite...
Radiation of Energy The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is determined by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation: = aeAT4 where o 5.67x10-8 J/s - m2 K is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, A is the surface area of the object, and T is its absolute temperature in kelvin. The symbol e stands for the emissivity of the object, which is a measure of how well it radiates An ideal jet-black (or black body) radiator has e 1,whereas a perfect reflector has...
summatize the following info and break them into differeng key points. write them in yojr own words
apartus
6.1 Introduction—The design of a successful hot box appa- ratus is influenced by many factors. Before beginning the design of an apparatus meeting this standard, the designer shall review the discussion on the limitations and accuracy, Section 13, discussions of the energy flows in a hot box, Annex A2, the metering box wall loss flow, Annex A3, and flanking loss, Annex...
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