Need help with answering each box pertaining to the disorder of disease process: diabetes mellitus management of acute illness.
#. Diabetes mellitus :-
It is a chronic metabolic condition in which blood glucose increases due to insulin insufficiency . It is of two types - Type 1 and Type 2 .
#. Pathophysiology - Pathophysiology of Diabetes
- Diabetes is a condition in which the body is unable to sufficiently produce or properly use insulin.
- Diabetes is diagnosed by identifying individuals with elevated blood glucose concentrations.
- The two most common types are type 1 and type 2.
- Diabetic macrovascular complications include heart disease and stroke.
- Diabetic microvascular complications include disorders of the kidney, nervous system and retinal.
#. Diagnosis of Diabetes
Elevated blood glucose
1. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) > 126 mg/dl
2. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
2-hour plasma glucose > 200 mg/dl
3. Random glucose test (> 200 mg/dl)
#. Diagnosis of Pre-Diabetes
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
- FPG > 100 mg/dl and <126 mg/dl
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
- OGTT 2-hour plasma glucose > 140 and < 200 mg/dl
Risk factors - non-modifiable :-
-can be born with type 1 of diabetes
-age
-gender
-family history/genetics
-being over 55
Risk factors modifiable :-
-low SES and low education
-lack of empowerment of the individual
-poor physical activty
-high fat levels
-obesisty-impared glucose tolerance
-gestational diabetes
-being over 45 and overweight
#. Health promotion and disease prevention :-
Primary prevention include diet, exercise , weight loss , smoking cessation etc . Secondary prevention include screening , glycemic control , and vaccination .
Need help with answering each box pertaining to the disorder of disease process: diabetes mellitus management...
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