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Q: Imagine that you are working in a healthcare facility and you want to apply FOCUS PDCA Process
How you can apply this technique? In addition, what is the main result when you used FOCUS PDCA?

Answer 1

FOCUS PDCA

• This is a management method used in the healthcare industry to improve processes.
• This is a common quality improvement approach utilized by many healthcare organizations
• The FOCUS of this is on determining the best approach to make changes that result in improvement.
• PDCA involves systematically testing possible solutions, assessing the results, and implementing the ones

APPLICATION OF FOCUS PDCA

This is a 9 step process

F = Find a problem

O = Organize a team

C = Clarify the problem

U = Understand a problem

S = Select an intervention

P = Plan

D = Do

S = Study

A = Act

Step 1: F=Find a Process or Problem to Improve

The first step is to identify and define a specific process to improve the problem.

This is the most important step.

PRINCIPLE

The principle is to bring all processes fully into alignment with the strategic goals of the organization’

OBJECTIVES

select potential opportunities for process improvement that are important to both the customer and the organization.

· Recognize the role of stakeholders/customers in prioritizing potential process improvements.

· Demonstrate the ability to draft a good problem statement.

· Demonstrate the ability to establish a team charter.

RESULT

To choose a system with a substantial opportunity to improve and demonstrate outcomes that are meaningful for both the consumer and the company and to establish a project team charter

Step 2: O=Organize a Team

This is the second step

PRINCIPLE

• To organize a team of individuals who understand the process.
• The main focus is on identifying team members and assembling the team.

OBJECTIVES

• to organize a multidisciplinary team.
• Selection of team leader and facilitator.
• Develop team goals and team concepts.

RESULT

Organizing an efficient and effective multidisciplinary group of highly knowledgeable team members about the system or problem.

Step 3: C=Clarify Current Knowledge of the Process

Improvement in health care is not possible without understanding the process.

PRINCIPLE

• To collect data and information by physical measurements
• to clarify current knowledge of processes of care.

OBJECTIVES

• To analyze the current process work.
• To recognize the importance of performance indicators
• To collect data
• To identify the customers and suppliers in the process

RESULT

• To set up a process of measurement
• To collect data related to the question of Improving  the performance

Step 4: U=Understand Sources or Causes of Process Variation

PRINCIPLE

to make meaning from the data once it has been compiled, understand its sources and patterns of variation, and use this information to guide actions for improvement.

OBJECTIVES

• To analyze data using analytical tools.
• ·to Understand the causes of variation in the system.
• ·to Identify the root causes of the problem.

RESULT

Understand the root causes that decide how the process works in order to make an informed decision on how to strengthen it.

Step 5: S=Select the Improvement or Intervention

PRINCIPLE

• To select the best solution
• The solution must be in alignment with the overall organization's strategy

OBJECTIVES

• Identify what improvements will be made in the process.
• To understand the value of using creative thinking techniques to develop potential solutions.
• ·To Use team-building techniques to evaluate the solutions proposed.

RESULT

Identify the intervention to be introduced to improve the process being examined using consensus decision-making techniques.

Four steps of PDCA are

Step 6: P=Plan

This is the first step of the PDCA cycle.

PRINCIPLE

Identifying and applying an action plan intended to modify certain processes and to improve performance.

OBJECTIVES

• To define the current situation or system.
• Gather data to describe the processes as they are currently working
• Identify causes of the variation or problems and develop theories to address these
• To develop a communication plan.

RESULT

Develop a plan to implement the changes aimed at improving performance

Step 7: D=Do Implement the Plan

PRINCIPLE

To obtain data before any changes are made to define the system state.

OBJECTIVES

• To Implement the intervention plan
• To record any unexpected events and other observations.
• To start analyzing the data.

RESULT

To make the process changes aimed at improving performance.

Step 8: S=Study the Results of the Implementation

PRINCIPLE

To geared towards the team analyzing the data, comparing them to the predicted results, and summarizing the lessons learned from performing the cycle.

OBJECTIVE

• To analyze data to determine if the intervention improved the process or problem.
• Learn techniques to succinctly summarize the findings of the small-scale tests.
• To understand how to determine when modifications to the solution are needed.

RESULT

To explain the change in performance and the degree to which performance deficiencies have been found previously by the intervention.

Step 9: A=Act to Hold the Gain and Continue Improvement

PRINCIPLE

The team will decide whether to implement the intervention on a larger scale, modify, or discard the intervention.

OBJECTIVES

• To implement changes on a wide scale.
• To develop a monitoring schedule to measure gains over time.
• To determine how processes can be improved further.

RESULT

Improvements for all patients and track results over time to further improve the system