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Problems are listed in approximate order of difficulty. A single dot (•) indicates straigh...

Problems are listed in approximate order of difficulty. A single dot (•) indicates straightforward problems involving just one main concept and sometimes requiring no more than substitution of numbers in the appropriate formula. Two dots (••) identify problems that are slightly more challenging and usually involve more than one concept. Three dots (•••) indicate problems that are distinctly more challenging, either because they are intrinsically difficult or involve lengthy calculations. Needless to say, these distinctions are hard to draw and are only approximate.

•• Consider an ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP:T = 273K, p = 1 atm = 1.01 × 105 N/m2). Imagine that the molecules of the gas are equally spaced so that every molecule is at the center of a small cube. (a) What is the edge length of this cube, which is the average distance between nearest-neighbor molecules in the gas? (b) Qualitatively, how does this mean molecular separation distances compare with the diameter of a small molecule such as O2?

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