Step-by-Step Solution
The blending theory of inheritance proposes that traits or characteristics of the parents blend during fertilization resulting in the development of progeny with characteristics, which are intermediate. As per this theory, the offspring of a tall parent and a dwarf parent will have intermediate height.
In the given case, tall plants (TT) are 20 cm (centimeters) long, whereas dwarf plants (tt) are 12 cm long. Usually, an allele of parental genotype contributes the half of the stem length. So, allele T contributes 10 cm of stem length and allele t contributes 6 cm of stem length. The stem length of first and second hybrids is as follows:
Thus, the stem length of the first hybrid (Tt) is 16 cm and the second hybrid with genotype Tt is also has stem length about 16 cm.
Further, when first generation tall hybrids progeny were allowed to undergo self-fertilization, the next generation produced both tall and dwarf characteristics.
Thus, the self-pollination will produce the ratio that is 1:2:1. The tall plants (TT) have 20 cm, tall hybrids (Tt) have 16 cm and dwarfs (tt) have 12 cm of stem length.
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