Flexible budgets; two-, three-, and four-variance methods of factory overhead analysis (...

Flexible budgets; two-, three-, and four-variance methods of factory overhead analysis (similar to Self-Study Problem 2)

Michaels Manufacturing Inc. manufactures a single product and uses a standard cost system. The factory overhead is applied on the basis of direct labor hours. A condensed version of the company’s flexible budget follows:

The product requires 3 lb of materials at a standard cost of $5 per pound and 2 hours of direct labor at a standard cost of $10 per hour.

For the current year, the company planned to operate at the level of 6,250 direct labor hours and to produce 3,125 units of product. Actual production and costs for the year follow:

Number of units produced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,500

Actual direct labor hours worked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,000

Actual variable overhead costs incurred. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $14,000

Actual fixed overhead costs incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $52,000

Required:

1. For the current year, compute the factory overhead rate that will be used for production. Show the variable and fixed components that make up the total predetermined rate to be used.

2. Prepare a standard cost card for the product. Show the individual elements of the overhead rate as well as the total rate.

3. Compute (a) standard hours allowed for production and (b) under- or overapplied factory overhead for the year.

4. Determine the reason for any under- or overapplied factory overhead for the year by computing all variances, using each of the following methods:

a. Two-variance method

b. Three-variance method (appendix)

c. Four-variance method (appendix)

Reference:

Flexible Budgets; Two-, Three-, and Four-Variance Methods of Factory Overhead Analysis

Belterra Manufacturing Inc.

Belterra manufactures a single product and uses a standard cost system. The factory overhead is applied on the basis of direct labor hours. A condensed version of the company’s flexible budget follows:

The product requires 3 lb of materials at a standard cost per pound of $7 and 2 hours of direct labor at a standard cost of $12 per hour.

For the current year, the company planned to operate at 25,000 direct labor hours and to produce 12,500 units of product. Actual production and costs for the year follow:

Number of units produced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,000

Actual direct labor hours worked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,000

Actual variable overhead costs incurred. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 52,000

Actual fixed overhead costs incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $208,000

Required:

1. Compute the factory overhead rate that will be used for production for the current year. Show the variable and fixed components that make up the total predetermined rate to be used.

2. Prepare a standard cost card for the product. Show the individual elements of the overhead rate as well as the total rate.

3. Compute (a) standard hours allowed for production and (b) under- or overapplied factory overhead for the year.

4. Determine the reason for any under- or overapplied factory overhead for the year by computing all variances, using each of the followingmethods:

a. Two-variance method

b. Three-variance method (appendix)

c. Four-variance method (appendix)