In the early 1900's, a hydraulic ram was used to provide water for the citv nf« Assume...

In the early 1900's, a hydraulic ram was used to provide water for the citv nf« Assume the hydraulic ram had the following characteristics (see figure in Example 4.24).

Ls = 152.4 m (500 ft)

Hs = 15.2 m (50.0 ft)

Ds = 254 mm (10.0 in.)

ts = 8.6 mm (0.34 in.)

fs = 0.015

Ld = 1,524 m (5,000 ft)

Dd = 102 mm (4.0 in.)

td = 6.4 mm (0.25 in.)

 fd = 0.015

The waterSurface elevation of the supply reservoir is 152.4 m (500 ft) and 176 8 n, (580 ft) in the storage reservoir. Use an upstream pipe elevation of 149 4 m (4˂W ft), a downstream pipe elevation of 175.3 m (575 ft), a ram elevation of 137.2 m 450 ft), a nozzle diameter of 51 mm (2.0 in.), and an air chamber volume of 0.28 m3 (10 ft) Determine the maximum efficiency for the operation of the ram. All lines are steel pipes.