The compounds benzyl chloride (C6H5CH2CI), (dichloromethyl)benzene (C6H5CHCI2), and (trichloromethyl)benzene (C6H5CCI3) all undergo nitration more slowly than benzene. The proportion of m-nitro-substituted product is 4% in one, 34% in another, and 64% in another. Classify the substituents —CH2CI2 —CHCI2, and —CCI3 according to each one's effect on rate and regioselectivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution.
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