When benzene is prepared from coal tar, it is contaminated with thiophene, from which it cannot be separated by distillation because of very similar boiling points. Shaking a mixture of benzene and thiophene with sulfuric acid causes sulfonation of the thiophene ring but leaves benzene untouched. The sulfonation product of thiophene dissolves in the sulfuric acid layer, from which the benzene layer is separated; the benzene layer is then washed with water and distilled. Give the structure of the sulfonation product of thiophene.
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