An important reaction for the conversion of natural gas to other useful hydrocarbons is the conversion of methane to ethane.
2 CH4(g) → C2H6(g) + H2(g)
In practice, this reaction is carried out in the presence of oxygen, which converts the hydrogen produced into water.
2 CH4(g) + ½ O2(g) → C2H6(g) + H2O(g)
Use Table to estimate ΔH for these two reactions. Why is the conversion of methane to ethane more favorable when oxygen is used?
Table Average Bond Enthalpies(kJ/mol)
Single Bonds | |||||||
C–H | 413 | N–H | 391 | O–H | 463 | F–F | 155 |
C–C | 348 | N–N | 163 | O—O | 146 |
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C–N | 293 | N–O | 201 | O–F | 190 | Cl–F | 253 |
C–O | 358 | N–F | 272 | O–Cl | 203 | Cl–Cl | 242 |
C–F | 485 | N–Cl | 200 | O–l | 234 |
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C–Cl | 328 | N–Br | 243 | Br–F | 237 |
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C–Br | 276 | S–H | 339 | Br–Cl | 218 |
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C–l | 240 | H–H | 436 | S–F | 327 | Br–Br | 193 |
C–S | 259 | H–F | 567 | S–Cl | 253 |
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H–Cl | 431 | S—Br | 218 | I–Cl | 208 |
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Si–H | 323 | H–Br | 366 | S—S | 266 | I–Br | 175 |
Si–Si | 226 | H–l | 299 | I–l | 151 |
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Si–C | 301 |
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Si–O | 368 |
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Si–Cl | 464 |
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Multiple Bonds | |||||||
C=C | 614 | N=N | 418 | O=O | 495 |
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C≡C | 839 | N≡N | 941 |
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C=N | 615 | N=O | 607 | S=O | 523 |
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C≡N | 891 | S=S | 418 |
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C=O | 799 |
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C≡O | 1072 |
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