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Problems are listed in approximate order of difficulty. A single dot (•) indicates straigh...

Problems are listed in approximate order of difficulty. A single dot (•) indicates straightforward problems involving just one main concept and sometimes requiring no more than substitution of numbers in the appropriate formula. Two dots (••) identify problems that are slightly more challenging and usually involve more than one concept. Three dots (•••) indicate problems that are distinctly more challenging, either because they are intrinsically difficult or involve lengthy calculations. Needless to say, these distinctions are hard to draw and are only approximate.

•• A thin foil of uranium is placed inside an ion chamber of the sort described in Example 17.7, and the foil is irradiated with neutrons to induce fissions. When a fission occurs, the ionization produced by both fission fragments can be collected as a single pulse of charge flowing around the circuit. If the total charge of one of these pulses is 9.9 × 10–3C, what was the combined kinetic energy of the two fission fragments? (This is the method by which the large energy released in nuclear fission was discovered.) Assume that the energy loss per ionization is the same as given in Example 17.7 for alpha particles.

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