Question

Sort the following phrases. Does each phrase describe a kinase, a phosphatase, neither, or both? 

 Note: If you answer this question incorrectly, a single red X will appear indicating that you sorted one or more of the phrases incorrectly.

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

The question is based on the concept of the enzymes and their functions. The enzymes facilitate the reactions, and enhance the rate of the reaction. Different enzymes work differently. The enzymes perform a similar function in all the conditions.

Fundamentals

The kinases are the enzymes, which are capable of adding a phosphate group to the molecules. The phosphatase are the molecules, which are capable of removing the phosphate group present in the molecules.

The kinase enzyme helps in the addition of the phosphate molecules. The addition of the phosphate molecules is required in many processes of the cellular cycles.

Therefore, the phrases that describe the kinases are:

May use ATP as a phosphoryl group donor.

Catalyze phosphorylation reactions.

PKA (protein kinase A is an example).

The phosphatases are the enzymes, which removes the phosphate group from the protein molecules. The removal of the phosphate turns off the signaling pathway. Hence, they are involved in the signaling pathway.

Therefore, the phrases that describe the phosphatases are:

Remove phosphoryl groups from proteins

Turn off signaling pathways triggered by kinases.

The following phrases come under the category of Neither:

In eukaryotes, transfer phosphoryl groups to acidic amino acids.

Catalyze reactions that are the reverse of dephosphorylation reactions.

The following phrases come under the category of Both:

Regulate the activity of other proteins.

Ans:

The description about the kinases and the phosphatase is given below: