Question

Write a paragraph on Diabetes Insipidus Patient & family education?

Answer 1

DIABETES INSIPIDUS: is a disorder of salt and water metabolism marked by intense thirst and heavy urination.

SYMPTOMS: The most common signs and symptoms includes a) extreme thirst and b) urination. Others includes a) unexplained fussiness b) vomiting c) diarrhea d) weight loss and e) trouble sleeping.

CAUSES: The major complication of diabetes insipidus includes a) dehydration and b) electrolyte imbalance. These are caused by problems with a hormone called vasopressin or ADH ( antidiuretic hormone). This hormone plays a pivotal role in regulating the amount of fluid in the body, produced by a nerve cells in the brain called hypothalamus and stored there until it needed. On the otherside, the pituitary gland releases vasopressin when the amount of water is too low in the body. It makes the kidney to produce concentrated urine. In diabetic insipidus, the lack of production of vasopressin means the kidney cannot make enough concentrated urine and too much water is passed from the body. In some cases, the kidney doesnot respond to vasopressin causing nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. People often feel thirst because of excessive loss of water by increasing the amount of water taken in.

TREATMENT: Based on the form of disorder, treatments might includes hormone therapy, a low-salt diet and drinking more water. Supportive therapy includes IV fluids and Fluid replacement which supplies water and nutrients into the body. Antidiuretic and diuretic medications are also effective for these patients by decreasing and increasing the urine production to get rid of excess salt and water production.

PATIENT AND FAMILY HEALTH EDUCATION:

a) Health education should be given to both of them related to the causes, complications, treatment plan and prevention of diseases. b) Education should be given on the amount of water to be taken to reduce dehydration and excessive thirst c) Education should be given on diet (low sodium diet) to be taken and risk factors of diseases. d) Health eduaction on administration of medication and proper follow up of care. e) Family support should be included in health education plan. f) Health education weight checking and its importance should be educated.