In order to achieve less environmental pollution there is a tendency of using electric vehicles now....
In order to achieve less environmental pollution there is a tendency of using electric vehicles now. There are three major units in an an electric car as shown in the following block diagram. Battery Unit Control Unit Motor/ Generator The battery unit consists of a low voltage (12 V) battery and a high voltage (about 200 V) battery. 12 V battery is used to supply power for horn, lamps, wipers etc. High voltage battery drives the electric motor which then rotate the wheels. Making suitable voltage levels and various switching processes are the main functions of the control unit.
(a) The 12V battery is charged by passing a constant current of 5A through it for 10 hours. What is the amount of charge fown in this process?
(b) (i) When the motor is working with a power of 40 kW how much current is drawn from the high voltage battery of 160V? (ii) Some electric cars use 300 V battery instead of 160 V battery. State an advantage of using 300V.
(c) The control unit reduces the voltage to charge the 12V battery from the 160V battery during the charging process. Is it possible to use a transformer for this reduction of voltage? Give reasons.
(d) The battery of e.m.f. 160 V has an internal resistance of 0.1 Ω. When a current of 100 A is drawn from the battery to drive the motor, (i) what is the potential difference across the terminals of the battery? (ii) what is the power dissipation in the battery? B S 160V 0.1Ω 180V 1.89Ω + - - +
(e) The electric car uses a regenerative braking system. The motor turns into the mode of a generator when breaking the car. The voltage produced by this generator is used to recharge the battery (B) of e.m.f. 160 V and internal resistance 0.1 Ω. The control unit supplies the generated voltage to the battery (B) as supply (S) of e.m.f. 180V direct current (d.c.) with an internal resistance of 1.89 Ω as shown in the diagram. The total length of the connecting wires is 4 m. Calculate the cross-sectional area of the connecting wires made of copper if the constant charging current is 10 A. (Resistivity of copper is 1.72×10-8Ωm)
(f) A constant resistive force of 750N acts on the car when it is moving with a constant velocity v. If the constant current drawn from the battery of e.m.f. 160V and internal resistance 0.1Ω is 100A, fnd the value of the velocity v. Assume that the motor drives the car with an effciency of 90%.
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In order to achieve less environmental pollution there is a
tendency of using electric vehicles now....
6) Car batteries supply a "nominal 12V voltage, but due to the internal resistance of the...
6) Car batteries supply a "nominal 12V voltage, but due to the internal resistance of the battery the actual voltage can be somewhat smaller. Consider this situation: Cars have an electric starter motor that draws 90A of current to turn over the engine pistons and start the car. While this 90A current is being drawn from the battery, the terminal voltage across the battery drops down to 11V. Use this information to find the internal resistance of the battery.
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6) Car batteries supply a "nominal 12V voltage, but due to the internal resistance of the battery the actual voltage can be somewhat smaller. Consider this situation: Cars have an electric starter motor that draws 90A of current to turn over the engine pistons and start the car. While this 90A current is being drawn from the battery, the terminal voltage across the battery drops down to 11V. Use this information to find the internal resistance of the battery.
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3. An electric circuit consists of a battery, three 2 12 resistors and a 10 A fuse. 12V 2Ω Calculate the total current out of the battery. If the current through the fuse exceeds 10 A, assume that it melts and opens the circuit. a) Determine the amount of charge that flows between the top two resistors at point B during a period of 5 seconds. b) c) Assume that the potential on the batteries positive terminal to be 12...
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