need some assistance with this. thank you very much
1. Free radicals are __________ .
(A) molecules that have lost an electron (C) molecules with extra neutrons
(B) escaped political prisoners (D) produced by vitamins
2. The chromosomal location of the APC gene was originally identified by finding a region of the
genome that was _________ in patients with colorectal cancer.
(A) deleted (B) rearranged (C) normal (D) unclear
3. The National Health Service of the United Kingdom (Britain) has recommended e-cigarette use
to quit smoking.
(A) True (B) False
4. Over the years, several large studies have failed to find any health benefit from taking vitamins or
supplements. What can you conclude from these results?
(A) Vitamins and supplements have no effect on health.
(B) There is no experimental evidence for a health benefit from vitamins and supplements.
(C) Vitamins and supplements work, experimental science does not.
(D) None of the above.
5. Increased rates of vaping in middle school students in the US will lead to increased rates of
traditional cigarette smoking.
(A) True (B) Unclear (C) False
6. Which of the following are treatment options for both Prostate and Breast cancer.
(A) hormone therapy (C) radiation
(B) surgical organ removal (D) B and C
(E) A,B and C
7. Herd immunity to HPV infection is demonstrated by which of the following?
(A) decrease in oncogenic HPV subtypes in those vaccinated.
(B) decrease in all HPV subtypes in the unvaccinated
(C) decrease in oncogenic HPV subtypes in the unvaccinated.
(D) no correct answer
(E) A and C
8. Which of the following contributes to uncertainty regarding e-cigarette use.
(A) e-liquid quality (C) nicotine concentration
(B) flavoring component safety (D) A, B and C
9. Access to health care can lead to which of the following.
(A) earlier detection (C) later stage cancer diagnosis
(B) better screening (D) A, B and C
10. Experts disagree at what age and how often a women should have a mammogram. This is due
to evidence that better screening has led to __________ which has resulted in ___________ .
(A) more tumors detected, more deaths (C) more tumors detected, overtreatment
(B) false negatives, fewer treatments (D) fewer tumors detected, better treatment
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11. Herd immunity refers to the protection for all from vaccination of the majority of the population.
Which one of the following would NOT lead to increased protection from cervical cancer by HPV
infection?
(A) improved vaccines
(B) increasing Gardasil immunization rates
(C) Gardasil for boys
(D) HPV antibody testing the sexually active
12. Obesity can lead to insulin resistance. High levels of insulin can act as growth factor for various
tumor types. These data highlight the link between ___________ and ___________.
(A) glucose, diabetes
(B) diet, lung cancer
(C) diet, cancer
(D) diabetes, colon cancer
13. A randomized double blind study is considered the best way to judge if a treatment is effective.
In this type of trial both doctor and patient are ‘blind’ to control for _________ in the patient and
________ in the doctor.
(A) placebo effect, bias (C) bias, placebo effect
(B) bias, malpractice (D) symptoms, bias
14. Obesity in postmenopausal women increases the risk of breast cancer. This is due to the
increased production of _________ in adipose/fat cells that acts as a fuel for ________ .
(A) estrogen, estrogen receptor positive tumors
(B) estrogen, all breast cancers
(C) testosterone, aromatase
(D) PSA, aromatase
15. Population studies consistently show that caloric restriction reduces overall cancer risk.
These data confirm the link between _______ and ________.
(A) diabetes, cancer (C) vitamin supplements, cancer
(B) excess calories, increased cancer risk (D) dieting, heart disease
16. For whom would Prostate Cancer screening (including PSA testing) be the most important.
(A) white males > 70 years old (B) black males > 70 years old
(C) black males 40 years old (D) none of A, B or C
17. Some recent studies suggest that the obesity epidemic in America is not caused by eating too
much junk food. If this is the case, which of the following could be causing the increase in
obesity?
(A) physical inactivity
(B) fatty foods
(C) processed foods
(D) A,B and C
18. Benzopyrene diol-epoxide is a component of ________ and has been shown to directly cause
mutations in the __________ .
(A) benzene, K-ras oncogene
(B) e cigarettes, K-ras proto oncogene
(C) tobacco smoke, p53 gene
(D) chewing tobacco, p53 gene
19. In the US the majority of ortho-pharyngeal (throat) cancers happen in men over 70.
(A) True (B) Unknown (C) False
20. Risk of Triple Negative Breast Cancer has been shown to be reduced in African American women
who?
(A) take birth control for longer than 3 years (C) have breast fed for more than 6 months
(B) that did not have kids (D) had a bilateral mastectomy
Page 3
21. Which of the following states the MOST accurate/complete information on vaping,
(A) vaping is completely safe (C) vaping is more dangerous than tobacco
(B) vaping has been recommended for quitting cigarettes (D) vaping safety has yet to be proven
22. Studies sponsored by the soda industry have established a link between increased sugar
consumption and obesity and diabetes.
(A) True (B) Unknown (C) False
23. Cervical cancer rates in the developing world far exceed those of the USA and Western Europe.
This is most likely due to _________ .
(A) diet (C) availability of PAP smear test
(B) chemical exposure (D) both B and C
24. PSA screening is a good predictor of metastatic prostate cancer spread.
(A) True (B) Unclear (C) False
25. The risk associated with BRCA mutations has changed over time.
(A) True (B) False
26. In a clinical trial for a new drug for chronic pain, a patient who received the placebo got worse.
This is most likely due to _____________ .
(A) the placebo effect
(B) the nocebo effect
(C) book keeping error
(D) fraud
27. An estimated 80% of the sexually active world population has been exposed to HPV. Why is it
that exposure to HPV does not lead to cervical cancer every time?
(A) HPV can’t spread in humans (C) virus must infect basal stem cell layer
(B) progression to cancer requires co factors (D) the virus cannot be cleared
28. Triple negative breast cancer rates in African American women are due to access to care.
(A) True (B) Unclear (C) False
29. Aromatase Inhibitors are used to treat ER+ breast cancer in post-menopausal women.
(A) True (B) False
30. Since the introduction of e-cigarettes, calls to CDC Poison Control hotline for accidental e-liquid
poisoning have gone up.
A) True (B) Unknown (C) False
31. Nicotine is an addictive substance due, in part, to its ability to bind _______ found on ________ .
(A) VEGF receptors, endothelial cells (C) Wnt receptors, tumor cells
(B) neurotransmitter receptors, brain cells (D) acetylcholine receptors, lung cells
32. Expert groups disagree about the use of which of the following?
(A) mammography (B) PSA testing
(C) chemotherapy (D) A and B
(E) all of the above
Page 4
33. Recently, a large study showed that large, daily doses of aspirin protect against colon cancer. This
type of study reinforces the link between ________________ and ____________ .
(A) mutations, polyps (C) aspirin, stomach upset
(B) cancer, diet (D) cancer, chronic inflammation
34. Obesity is linked to a variety of cancers. The evidence for this link is mostly?
(A) Genetic (C) correlative from observational studies
(B) from mouse studies (D) All are correct
35. Antioxidants _________ .
(A) have been shown in some studies to promote cancer cell growth
(B) have been proven to prevent cancer
(C) are found naturally in fruits and vegetables
(D) a, b and c
(E) a and c only
36. Curcumin is a potentially therapeutic __________ compound found in the spice turmeric.
(A) carcinogenic (C) synthetic
(B) chemopreventive (D) spicy
37. Nicotine is a human _____________ . In tobacco plants it acts as an _____________ .
(A) poison, enzyme
(B) stimulant, energy source
(C) neurotransmitter, insecticide
(D) poison, insecticide
38. In colon cancer cells with APC mutations, B catenin is not destroyed and growth factor signaling
is stuck in the ______ position and tumors form. The APC gene is classified as a(n) ___________ .
(A) off, oncogene (C) off, tumor repressor
(B) on, tumor suppressor (D) on, DNA repair gene
39. Monamine Oxidase B (MAO B) is an enzyme involved in neurotransmitter metabolism.
In smokers, MAO B levels are greatly reduced in the brain, lungs and other organs.
Tobacco _______ inhibits MAO B leading to _________.
(A) smoke, lung cancer (C) nicotine, addiction
(B) smoke, enhanced nicotine effects (D) additives, emphysema
40. Increased colonoscopies has led to earlier detection of colon cancer. However, recent
studies have shown that less expensive, lower tech options like ___________ offer nearly the same
screening benefit.
(A) flexible sigmoidoscopy
(B) fecal occult stool testing
(C) CT scans
(D) fecal DNA testing
Answer:
1. A. Molecules that have lost an electron
Reason: They rapidly oxidized other atoms by removing an electron
2. A. Deleted
3.A. True
Reason: The health services of United kingdom considered e- cigarette as smoking cessation strategy.
4. B. There is no experimental evidence for a health benefit from vitamins and supplements.
need some assistance with this. thank you very much 1. Free radicals are __________ . (A)...
need some assistance with this please. thank you very much 1. Free radicals are __________ . (A) molecules that have lost an electron (C) molecules with extra neutrons (B) escaped political prisoners (D) produced by vitamins 2. The chromosomal location of the APC gene was originally identified by finding a region of the genome that was _________ in patients with colorectal cancer. (A) deleted (B) rearranged (C) normal (D) unclear 3. The National Health Service of the United Kingdom (Britain)...
NAME: ctive tissue that extends vertically from the skin 1. Which of the following are fibrous connective tissue that can surface to attach on the chest wall muscles? a) Glandular tissue b) Cooper ligaments c) Lactiferous sinuses d) Axillary tail of Spence 2. What is the most common site of breast tumors? a) Upper inner quadrant b) Upper outer quadrant c) Lower inner quadrant d) Lower outer quadrant 3. Gynecomastia is: a) Enlargement of male breast b) Cancer of the...
can these questions be answered Practice Questions 21. In the following patient history, which item is not a risk factor for the development of cancer? A 59-year-old woman tells her doctor that she has been coughing a lot and lately has noticed blood in her sputum. She has been smoking since the age of 15. Her mother, maternal aunts. and maternal grandmother all died of breast cancer, and her sister was recently diagnosed with this. She ran a dry-cleaning business...
please help me with 20 quize questions 1. The make breast contain some ducts in undeveloped breast tissue A- True B- False 2. Which is not true about lymphatics from the breast? A Most drain towards axillae 8- Central nodes are felt high on the axilla C Subscapular nodes drain a portion of the arm D- Pectoral nodes are most frequently palpable According to the text, which age group of women should have a biennial screening mammogram? A 30-40 years...
need help In this 4 question please and thank you Question 10 (2 points) (True/false) During the rising phase of the action potential, the charge inside of the axon changes from negative to positive (depolarizes) True False Question 11 (2 points) (True/false) During the rising phase of the action potential, potassium channels (gates) open and allow the cell to depolarize. True False An interneuron OA) Receives excitatory or inhibitory inputs from other neurons and then can activate or not activate...
Please answer all: I need to check my answers because my answers are wriong. Thank you Which of the following organ would you palpate in the left upper abdominal quadrant? A.duodenum B.spleen C.left ovary D.liver Expected gastrointestinal symptoms during pregnancy include all of the following except: A. nausea and vomiting B. pyrosis C. decreased bowel sounds D. loose stools What are some of the major health promotion activities directed at the young adult? (select all that apply) A. Promote increased...
1. A calorie is a measure of the energy content of food. a. True b. False 2. Which chemical in the alcohol metabolic pathway is most toxic? a. ethanol b. acetaldehyde c. acetic acid d. none are toxic e. all are equally toxic 3. Which of the following are risks of long term regular use of alcohol. a. Increased cancer rates. b. Infertility and impotence. c. Diabetes. d. Liver disease. e. All of the above. 4. An amino acid is...
Thank you. very much Quiz: Chapter 1 Quiz Sub This Question: 1 pt 4 of 10 (2 complete) This Quiz: 10 pts Identify the sampling techniques used, and discuss potential sources of bias (if any). Explain. Lettuce is planted on a 45-acre field. The field is divided into one-acre subplots. A sample is taken from each subplot to estimate the harvest. What type of sampling is used? O A. Stratified sampling is used, since the field is divided into subplots...
Need answers. thank you VOCABULARY BUILDER Misspelled Words Find the words below that are misspelled; circle them, and then correctly spell them in the spaces provided. Then fill in the blanks below with the correct vocabulary terms from the following list. amino acids digestion clectrolytes nutrients antioxident nutrition basal metabolic rate extracellulare oxydation calories fat-soluble presearvatives catalist glycogen processed foods cellulose homeostasis saturated fats major mineral coenzyeme trace minerals diaretics metabolism water-soluable 1. Artificial flavors, colors, and commonly added to...
Which of the following organ would you palpate in the left upper abdominal quadrant? A.duodenum B.spleen C.left ovary D.liver Expected gastrointestinal symptoms during pregnancy include all of the following except: A. nausea and vomiting B. pyrosis C. decreased bowel sounds D. loose stools What are some of the major health promotion activities directed at the young adult? (select all that apply) A. Promote increased social activites B. Promote behaviors towards a healthy lifestyle C. Decrease the incidence of accidents D....