Question

Briefly explain the transmission of malaria. Discuss some of the risk factors for acquiring this disease as well as the social implications for infected individuals.

Given the risk factors mentioned above, what area(s) of prevention would you focus on if you were to start a public health campaign designed at reducing the incidence of malaria cases? Please explain your reasoning in less than two paragraphs.

Answer 1

Malaria involves with malaria parasites..
It involves in two types of hosts that is humans and female Anopheles mosquito..
Human: The parasites grow and multiple first in the liver cells and in redcells of the blood..In the blood it will grow an destroy the red cells and it will release daughter parasites called merozoites..This process continue by go to another red cells..
This parasites carried by female Anopheles mosquito during a bitting.The parasites multiplication known as sporogonic cycle.The different cycle and growth and multiplication in the mosquito happens.After 10-18days these parasites found in the mosquito's salivary glands..When this Anopheles mosquito bite another person sporozoites injected with the mosquitoes saliva and start infect another person..then same process will continue.this mosquito carries disease from one to another person..
Risk factors:
-It speard in geographical regions with a tropical climate.
-People with low or moderate immunity can get infected easily..
-water stagnation in irrigation ditches..
-Urban and endemic area
-children below 2 to 5years have semi-immune status become vulnerable to disease.
-Travelling from risk area to uninfected area..
-Pregnancy decreases immunity against many infectious disease..
-Poor socio economic status
-Agricutural work like harvesting
-Keeping domestic animals near home
Public health campaign we have focus on endemic area to reduce the incidence is poorest countries are under risk for malaria parasites..million of children died due to malaria every year..Insecticides for indoor rsidual spraying,environmental programs and services should make decisions to control the disease..Nets and repellent reduce the p vivax..Anti-malarial drugs (chemoprophylaxis) protect 100% against disease..
All visitors from non-malaria area to malaria area to be protected..Malaria drug cost effectiveness must focus on prevent disease and provide treatment for children,pregnant women and other adults..Health education from comminuty services and government programs regarding safety envinoment and hygeine can protect such disease from urban and rural areas..