Answer :
Public health : it is defined as it is a science of protecting the safety and to improve the health of the public through the health education, making rules and regulations to prevent the problems and to do the researches related to the disease, to improve health of the public.
Public health problem : over weight and obesity
Measure of association : means comparison of disease occurence from one group to another group.
1.Risk ratio
2.proportionate mortality ratio.
3. rates ratio
4. odds ratio
1. The appropriate measures of association between exposure and disease in cohort studies is the relative risk or risk ratio.
* mainly obesity is risk for heart problems.
* obesity can identified by BMI
* body mass index = weight in kgs / height in meter square.
* if persons are having more than 30 kgs/ meter square can consider as obesity.
* there are more obese in US.
* according to the journal of the American medical association the obese rate in men's 32.2%,and womens 35.5%.
* so the risk ratio is high in women's.
2. Proportionate mortality ratio : it means deviding the number of cases death due to particular diseases in the specific period of time by the number of the peoples diagnosed with the same disease during in time multiplied with 100.
* due to the obesity and over weight in USA, 3,00,000 deaths occurring during year according to the National Institute of health.
3. Rates ratio : it means incidence density ratio.
* 7.9 million new cases of diabetes a year compared with 1.9 million new cases in recent years.
* 6.8 million new chronic heart diseases a year compared with 1.3 million new cases in recent years.
* these are due to over weight and obesity only.
4. Odds ratio : it is an associate between an exposure and an out come .
* in 2014 world wide near 600 million population have high mortality rate among 13% of adults the age group is 18 years and above.
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