Question

Weight Management & Energy Balance & Nutrition & Fitness Assignment-61 pts

1. MLO1 What are 3 characteristics of a “healthy” weight? 3 pts

2. MLO1 What are 5 health problems related to obesity? 5 pts

3. MLO1 What is the BMI range for a healthy weight? 1 pt

4. MLO2 Determine the BMI for a person who is 5’10” and weighs 190 lbs-. 1 pt

5. MLO1,2 What category would the person in question #4 fall into on the BMI chart? 1 pt

6. MLO2 What are three ways to assess % body fat? 3 pts

7. MLO2 Why is central obesity a bigger risk to health than gynoid obesity? 2 pts

8. MLO2 How can “central” or android obesity be assessed? 1 pt

9. MLO3 What are the three ways the body expends energy or calories? 3 pts

10. MLO3 Which component of energy expenditure is the most variable? 1 pt

11. MLO3 Which is the largest component of energy expenditure for most people? 1 pt

12. MLO3 If a person consumed 2500 calories in 24 hours approximately how many calories would they spend on the thermic effect of food (TEF)? 1 pt

13. MLO4 List 3 environmental factors that are associated with the current obesity problem. 3 pts

14. MLO5 For individuals who are trying to lose weight, what is the recommended amount of weight loss per week? 1 pt

15. MLO5 Why do people who lose weight usually gain the weight back? 1 pt

16. MLO5 What are 3 success strategies seen in studies of people who lose weight AND successfully keep the weight off for a long period of time? 3 pts

17. MLO6 How is bulimia nervosa different from anorexia nervosa? 2 pts

18. MLO6 Besides anorexia and bulimia nervosa, what are three other forms of disordered eating? 3 pts

19. MLO7 Define the term “fitness” and list five health benefits of fitness. 6 pts

20. MLO8 Which two nutrients are the primary fuel sources during exercise? 2 pts

21. MLO8 The primary energy source during high intensity exercise is____________________. 1 pt

22. MLO9 How does being fit or well-trained affect glycogen storage? 1 pt

23. MLO11 What is the purpose of carbohydrate loading? 1 pt

24. MLO11 What type of activity is carbohydrate loading recommended or beneficial for? 1 pt

25. MLO8 The primary nutrient that provides energy during prolonged low intensity exercise is _________________. 1 pt

26. MLO8 The primary nutrients that supply energy during long, moderate intensity exercise are

_____________________ and _________________. 2 pts

27. MLO8 What two factors affect your body’s choice of fuel during exercise? 2 pts

28. MLO10 What types of food should be avoided prior to aerobic exercise lasting more than one hour? 2 pts

29. MLO10 What is the recommendation regarding eating after aerobic exercise lasting more than one hour (when and what)? 2 pts

30. MLO10 When should fluids be consumed in relation to aerobic exercise of an hour or more? 3 pts

31. MLO10 When are sports drinks recommended? 1 pt

Answer 1

Here I am answering the first 15 questions.

What are 3 characteristics of a “healthy” weight?
acceptable body mass index

1. body composition with an acceptable amount of fat
2. fat distribution that is not a risk factor for illness
3. absence of medical conditions

What are 5 health problems related to obesity?

• type 2 diabetes

Overweight causes cells to change, making them resistant to the hormone insulin, resulting in type 2 diabetes.

• high blood pressure

Having a large body size may increase blood pressure because your heart needs to pump harder to supply blood to all your cells. Excess fat may also damage your kidneys, which help regulate blood pressure

• osteoarthritis

Extra weight may place extra pressure on joints and cartilage (the hard but slippery tissue that covers the ends of your bones at a joint), causing them to wear away.

• fatty liver disease

occurs when fat builds up in the liver and causes injury. Fatty liver disease may lead to severe liver damage, cirrhosis (scar tissue), or even liver failure. this mainly affects obese people.

• heart disease:

excess weight may cause changes to your heart that make it work harder to send blood to all the cells in your body.

What is the BMI range for a healthy weight?
between 18.5 and 24.9 BMI is healthy

Determine the BMI for a person who is 5’10” and weighs 190 lbs

BMI= kg/m2
27.59

What category would the person in question #4 fall into on the BMI chart?
the person's BMI is 27.59
A BMI above 25 is considered overweight.

What are three ways to assess % body fat?
1. Skinfold calipers measure the thickness of your subcutaneous fat.
2. Measuring the circumference of certain body parts is a simple method of body fat estimation.
3. Bioimpedance Spectroscopy uses a electrical currents than in high and low frequencies, to mathematically predict your amount of body fluid.

Why is central obesity a bigger risk to health than gynoid obesity?
In gynoid obesity, there is lesser risks of having cardiac and thoracic diseases than the central obesity. Statistically higher risk of heart disease, hypertension, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes are associated with central obesity

How can “central” or android obesity be assessed?
Waist circumference (WC) is the simplest way to assess central obesity.

What are the three ways the body expends energy or calories?
The energy expenditure consist of
1) resting metabolic rate (RMR);
2) the thermic effect of feeding (TEF); and
3) the thermic effect of activity (TEA).

The energy has been utilized for
1. Essential functions of the body like breathing, metabolism etc
2. Physical functions and exercises of daily activities
3. Growth, pregnancy and lactation

which component of energy expenditure is the most variable ?
Activity-induced energy expenditure is the most variable component of total energy expenditure. This varies according to the person's level of activity.

Which is the largest component of energy expenditure for most people?
60-75% of the energy expenditure is used for the major body functions.

If a person consumed 2500 calories in 24 hours approximately how many calories would they spend on the thermic effect of food (TEF)?

TEF constitutes approximately 10% of daily energy expenditure.
So it will be 250 Calories for the TEF

List 3 environmental factors that are associated with the current obesity problem.

1. diet like excessive junk food and absence of regularity in eating
2. lifestyle changes like lack of exercise or physical activity
3. lack of proper sleep

For individuals who are trying to lose weight, Recommended amount of weight loss per week?
The recommended weight loss rate is 0.5-1 kg per week

Why do people who lose weight usually gain the weight back?

When the person lose weight quickly, especially if he is dieting without exercise, he not only loses fat, but loses muscle as well. This slows metabolism, which contributes to even more weight gain.