Question

Derrick is a 35-year old African American advertising executive with a very hectic schedule. He’s fairly active, has a BMI of 23, and is in generally good health. However, at his annual physical, his doctor discovered that Derrick has high blood pressure. Derrick assures his doctor that he eats well and can’t understand why his numbers are so high. Derrick’s doctor recommends that he limit his salt intake and eat more whole foods rather than packaged products. Derrick takes his doctor’s advice to heart and takes the time to prepare some of his favorite meals. He takes a ham and cheese on rye sandwich to work instead of ordering Chinese food with his coworkers, even though it means giving up his favorite dish, General Tso’s Chicken. For dinner he has smoked trout with mashed potatoes and steamed broccoli rather than his usual frozen dinners that have about 650mg of sodium. He no longer salts his food at the table. Derrick even replaces his usual snack of salted peanuts with dry cereal, his favorite being Corn Flakes. His bedtime snack is now a pudding cup instead of chips or salty, buttery popcorn. Derrick sips on water or 100% fruit juice during the day, but he rarely drinks milk.

After a month on his new diet, Derrick returns to his doctor, confident that his numbers are down. To his surprise, his blood pressure remains unchanged! “I don’t understand! I don’t put salt on anything and I’m eating whole foods!” he laments to his doctor.

Question 1: Derrick generally drinks water or juice to quench his thirst, and rarely milk. Although he gets some dairy from the pudding and cheese, he doesn’t consume much. Explain how this, in conjunction with his high sodium levels, affects his blood pressure.

Ellie is a 60-year old postmenopausal sedentary female of Asian descent with a BMI of 18. She is currently taking care of her 82-year old mother who fell and broke her hip. Ellie goes out with friends twice a week for Happy Hour, and usually has no more than 2 drinks. Since living with her mother, she’s cut down on her smoking, but still smokes about 5 cigarettes per day and a little more when she’s out with friends. Ellie’s diet consists of lean protein, fruits and some starchy vegetables, but no dairy as she’s lactose intolerant and has been since she was a child.

Question 2: What is Ellie’s calcium RDA? Consider her diet and discuss whether calcium supplementation is appropriate. If so, explain the type of supplement that will best meet her needs and how you came to this conclusion. If you don’t believe calcium supplementation is necessary, explain how you came this conclusion and provide examples of foods that will help Ellie meet her needs.

Answer 1

Ans

For Derrick

High sodium level lead to increase in blood pressure because it lead to the high osmarility of the blood ,so that icf fluid comes in ecf and that increase the volume of ecf that lead to increase in blood pressure

For ellie's

As she completely not taking dairy products then she might develop deficiency of the calcium as the dairy products have most calcium among the daily food

As she smoke 5cigrate that lead to damage of the blood vessels and lead to the intolerance or nonregulation of blood pressure