Question

Please provide a detailed description and analysis of the following:

Leading risk factors contributing to death and/or disability in low and middle-income countries. Compare and contrast these factors against higher-income countries.

Discuss how globalization of health care can prevent chronic disease.

Treatment gaps of effective treatment of mental disorders exist in low and middle-income countries, what are the reasons for these gaps?

Discuss the relationship between human rights and global health around the world. Give some examples in your discussion.

Answer 1

The leading risk factor that contributes to death and disability in low and middle-income countries are

• High blood pressure
• High blood glucose
• Underweight
• Unsafe sex
• Alcohol use
• Unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene.
• Tobacco use.

Whereas the high-risk factors leading to death are

• Obesity or overweight
• Physical inactivity
• Tobacco use
• Alcohol use
• High blood glucose

Comparison of factors between the low, middle, and high-income families:

Comparing to high income, low-income groups are greatly prone to death or disability. The risk factors mainly depend on the lack of knowledge of safe water, sanitation, and hygiene in the low-income group. High blood pressure and high blood glucose are due to genetical and hereditary problems. The high-income groups risk factors are mainly due to unhealthy lifestyle practices.

Globalization improves connection across the countries. It prevents chronic disease through health promotion in between the countries. Improvement in health communication, advanced technology, modernization in health care, health information altogether prevents chronic disease.

Mental disorders such as depression, psychotic disorders, Schizophrenia, bipolar disorders are common in both low and high-income countries. about 75 - 86% of low-income families are not getting adequate treatment whereas in high-income families only 35% are not getting adequate treatment. The reason behind this is lack of awareness of mental health disorders, lack of support, poor access to services in the low-income groups increases the treatment gaps.

Human right is the right to have treatment irrespective of race, sex, gender, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion etc. Global health is the universal access to care on population. It focuses on improving the quality of health. Global health reduces health disparity among the population. For example, some of the health charity, children's health organization increases the cooperation, health promotion, globalization of health across the countries to safeguard human rights.