Question

1. Write a paragraph introduction about SN1 reactions. Explain the goal of the experiment.

2. Write the mechanism of the reactions with actual substrates (one for the primary, one for the secondary etc.)

Answer 1

The SN₁ reactions are nucleophilic substitutions, involving a nucleophile replacing a leaving group .in the  SN1 reactions are unimolecular: the rate of this reaction depends only on the concentration of one reactant.

The SN1 reaction have two step reaction

1. The leaving group leaves, and the substrate forms a carbocation intermediate. first spep is called slow step because in first step The leaving group leaves, and the substrate carbon now only has three substituents, taking on a positive charge and it is  is called a carbocation.

here Carbocations are most stable and the Carbocation stability: 3º > 2º >1º.

and in the second step the nucleophile attacks the carbocation and forming the product.

The nucleophile attacks the carbocation intermediate, bringing its electron pair to resolve the positive charge and The substrate loses any stereospecificity during the carbocation inter