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What is the functional significance of high PD-1 expression on effector T lymphocytes that are found...

What is the functional significance of high PD-1 expression on effector T lymphocytes that are found in the liver of patients with chronic HCV? How does this relate to disease progression?​

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There were many studies which concluded that PD-1 level on effector T lymphocytes is highly correlated with HCV viral load in chronic HCV-infected patients. It makes PD-1 a novel indicator to evaluate the impairment and dysfunction of host CD8+ T-cell immunity as well as HCV viral persistence.

high PD-1 expression indicates acute phase of infection which is in line with the reports suggesting poor role of CD8+ cells (effector T-lymphocytes) during acute stage of HCV infection.

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