Question

Choose one of the hormonal fluid regulators in the body and give an overview of how it works.

Discuss how the lungs or the kidneys compensate for acid-base imbalance. Give numbers.

Why is the nurse’s role critical in infusion therapy? Choose one type of infusion of interest.

Answer 1

Ans)

Hormones work to control body functions in three ways:

1) Hormone to gland—For example, the hypothalamus secretes hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands to release hormones.

2) Environmental condition to hormone —Some glands respond directly to changes in the body’s internal environment. For example, some glands respond directly to changes in the body’s chemical environment. When the blood glucose is elevated, the pancreas secretes insulin and when the blood glucose falls, it secretes glucagons.

3) Nervous system to gland—Some glands secrete hormones in direct response to the nervous system. For example, the adrenal medulla secretes a hormone in response to sympathetic nerve impulses.

- Blood needs the right balance of acidic and basic (alkaline) compounds to function properly. This is called the acid-base balance. Kidneys and lungs work to maintain the acid-base balance. Even slight variations from the normal range can have significant effects on your vital organs.

- The kidneys help control acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and generating bicarbonate that helps maintain blood plasma pH within a normal range. Protein buffer systems work predominantly inside cells.

- The more important and faster-acting is the lung. By increasing the respiratory rate, we excrete more carbon dioxide, which is in equilibrium with carbonic acid. Breathing more deeply and quickly can move the blood pH toward the alkaline side.

- Infusion nurse is a registered nurse who specializes in the administration of medications and fluids through an intravenous (IV) line, central line, or venous access port. They can work as a resource to a hospital by starting lines and training new nurses in obtaining and maintaining IV access.

- Example: KCL drip ar what rate, Dose to be administered is an example for Nurse's vigilant role in Infusion therapy.