Question

Please write 1 paragraph for each of the following (total 3 paragraphs) and each paragraph shall be no less than 3 sentences and no more than 6 sentences. Grading for participation in postings (Possible points: 2.5) Choose one of the hormonal fluid regulators in the body and give an overview of how it works. Discuss how the lungs or the kidneys compensate for acid-base imbalance. Give numbers. Why is the nurse’s role critical in infusion therapy? Choose one type of infusion of interest

Answer 1

1. One of the hormonal fluid regulator is Anti-diuretic hormone.It is produced from posterior pituitary gland.Diuresis means urination.This hormone regulate the fluid in the body by altering the urination.Suppose if the fluid volume is low then it is identified by the hypothalamus which induce posterior pituitary to secrete the hormone.This released hormone will act on the kidneys.It act on the collecting tubule of the nephron thus the sodium and water is reabsorbed into the body.Thus it corrects the hypovolemia in the body.Likewise if the body have excess fluid then the ADH level will be reduced by body mechanisms.Decreased level of ADH will make excess urination and the normal fluid level is maintained.Thus the ADH involve in fluid regulation of the body.

2.The change in pH of blood causes acid -base imbalance.Normal blood pH is 7.35-7.45.If the blood pH less than 7.35 makes the blood acidic.If it is above 7.45 it is alkaline.Lungs causes respiratory acid-base imbalance.Kidneys causes metabolic acid-base imbalance.Respiratory acid -base imbalance is due to the impaired function of lungs.The function of lungs is reduced due to any pathologic cause.Suppose if the lungs cannot able to exhale the carbon dioxide from the body as it is acidic it makes the blood pH to fall and thus the blood becomes acidic.This is respiratory acidosis.To compensate this the receptors will sense the brain about the acid - base imbalance in the body.Then the brain will controls the ventilation process.It alters the breathing pattern,rate , rhythm and depth and thus try to exhale the carbon dioxide from the body.Likewise for the metabolic acid-base imbalance the brain will sense it and it controls the function of kidney in excretion process.Thus it excrete the unwanted electrolytes from the body and corrects the acid-base imbalance.thus this two organs perform compensatory mechanism to correct the acid-base imbalance in the body.

3.Infusion therapy means administration of fluids or medications through intravenously.Nurses are responsible for infusion therapy.First she must notice the indication for infusion therapy.She must check the physician order for infusion therapy.For example if the order is potassium chloride.First she has to check the indication and physician order.Then she has to arrange the tray for infusion therapy.It is her responsibility to maintain aseptic technique.The flow rate should be in low basis.If the flow rate is too high as potassium an important electrolyte can cause cardiac arrest.So the flow rate should be maintained.Regularly she has to check vital signs to notify the changes in the vital organs.She has to monitor the intake and output chart in order to find the alterations in the body fluid volume.Proper documentation about the infusion therapy should be recorded.These are the nurse's role in infusion therapy.