Question

1. Describe the location and functions of body fluids, including the factors that affect variations in fluid compartments.

2. Describe the functions, regulation, sources, and losses of the main electrolytes of the body.

3. Explain the principles of osmosis, diffusion, active transport, and filtration.

4. Describe how thirst and the organs of

homeostasis (kidneys, heart and blood vessels,

lungs, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, parathyroid

glands) function to maintain fluid homeostasis.

5.Describe the role of buffer systems and

respiratory and renal mechanisms in achieving

and maintaining acid–base balance.

6. Identify the etiologies and defining characteristics

for common fluid, electrolyte, and acid–base

imbalances.

7. Describe the role of dietary modification,

modification of fluid intake, medication

administration, IV therapy, blood replacement,

and parenteral nutrition (TPN) in resolving fluid,

electrolyte, and acid–base imbalances.

Answer 1

ANSWERS :

1. Body fluids move in the body through the process of filtration through permeable membranes. The factors that will affect the variations in fluid compartment are vomiting, diarrhea, fever, kidney problems, dietary patterns, exercises, antibodies in the fluid, etc.

2. In the body electrolytes are important to maintain normal body regulation. Some of the electrolytes are sodium, potassium, phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, zinc, potassium, etc. 1. Sodium : Sodium is an important form of electrolyte which regulates the blood pressure, blood volume maintaining. The sources sodium are salt nuts, canned beans, bacon,etc. Loss of sodium in the blood is term as hyponatremia and the sodium excess is known as hypernatremia