Question

2. What are the major types of healthcare professionals (excluding physicians an dentists) and their roles, training, licensure requirements, and practice settings 3. How would you describe and apply the issues of human resources manageme systems development to healthcare professionals? 4. How has managed care affected the healthcare professions? 5. Who are nonphysician practitioners who provide primary care? What is their role in the delivery of health services?

Answer 1

2.Q. Major types of Health Care Professionals Roles, Training, Licensure requirement and Practice settings(Except Physician and Dentists)

Nurses : Nurses role vary according to the degree they achieved.

Degree	Role and Trainings, practice settings
Auxillary Nurse Mid wives	They get trained for 18 months and Practice care in the community settings.

General Nursing and Midwifery

They get trained for 3 years and provides their services for Hospitals and involve in patient care.

Bachelor of Degree in Nursing	They get trained for 4 years and are involved both in teaching the student Nurses in Nursing Schools and colleges and also patient care.
Masters of Degree in Nursing	They get trained for 2 years who can teach both Bsc. and Msc Nurses in Educational institutions.

Nurses require licensure certifications of Registered Nurse, Registered Midwife and Public Health Nurse.

Other Health Care Professionals include Pharmacists, lab technicians etc.

Pharmacists: Role of Pharmacists to assess the patient condition according to the patients medical records and prescriptions and provide/ administer the drugs.

The training pharmacy starts from

• D Pharmacy 2 year course - Administer drugs and provides care in community areas.
• B Pharmacy 4 year Degree course - Deals with the study of drugs in multicare aspects and provides care in district hospitals , works in pharmacy dispensable storage of Hospital settings.
• Pharm D 6 years course with Doctorate which deals with advanced drug study , preparation of drugs and involves in providing services in Pharmacy labs and companies.

Pharmacy licensure certifications includes Registered Pharmacists.

Lab Technicians : They work in labs who plays major role in disease diagnosis through laboratoru reviews of blood, sputum and stools.

They are trained as Diploma in Medical Lab Technolgy, Bachelors and Masters in Medical Lab Technology.

All deals with the disease diagnoses where as Masters involves in teaching the students in Institutions.

3.Q. Health Care Professionals, Management of Human Resource Department, and System Development

It is very crucial to have an expertise health care Human Resource professional to manage the things effectively.

Health care professionals deals with many risks in related to the care provided , in terms of consent forms or procedures or care related issues or complaints from the family members of the patient or the patient it self regarding the care provided qhich may reach even the law and the Government. So in such serious situations there must be Human Resource Management with effective decision making , and problem skills to deal with those concerned crucial issues.

4.Q. How has managed care affecting Health Care Professions?

Managed Care : Managed care is the care provided with reduced costs compared to other health care institutions and people shows interest in visiting such hospitals and only to certain health care professionals.

This is mainly seen in United States improving the quality of care and profit health care dealing with American Health Insurance agencies.

• This affects the standards of the health care professionals focusing only on profits of the institutions.
• It affects the scope of health care professionals for the professional practice.
• This also affects the Hospitals because of lesser visits of the people and showing more interests towards hospitals with managed care.

Non physician practictioners providing health care

• Registered Medical Practicioners who trained with general degrees.
• Nurses who were registered with Nursing Councils.
• Various other types of Medicine practices such as Unani, Ayurveda, Homeopathy.
• They provide effective health care services to the people according to the needs especially dealing emergency situations and first aid activities.