Question

) Describ 4 types of burns - Classification depth extent rule of nine Ilocation - Phases emergent tacute Srehab - Nursing Priority

Answer 1

There are 4 types of burns categorized or classified as following

• First degree:The superficial or the upper portion(epidermis) of the skin is affected .There is just redness and pain at the site:
• Second degree :The second layer of the skin the dermis is affected.It is usually red ,painful with swelling.The hair follicles are damaged.
• Third degree:Thia is the third layer of the skin being injured (Hypodermis).The blood vessels, nerves ,fats are all injured so it will be painless,the skin may look black or dark in color.
• Fourth degree:Here the deep tendons ,connective tissue, muscles ,bones are affected increaing the risk for complications

The rule of 9 are

• The head is of 9%
• Both the arm 9% each so it is 18%
• Left Leg anterior 9% and posterior 9% ,so it is 18%
• Right Leg anterior 9% and posterior 9%,so it is 18%
• Chest and abdomen (anterior surface) 18%
• Back or posterior surface 18%
• Perineal area:1%

The third and fourth degree burns usually require emergent care ,any delay will lead to severe irreversible complications like arrest ,organ system dysfunction, death

The second degree burns requires and acute care and is in acute phase .Prolonged delay can lead to complications.

The rehabilitative phase is one where the patient recovers from the burn injury and placed in rehabilitation to recover completely

Nursing priority

• Strict infection control practice
• Meticulous hand hygiene
• Administration of oxygen to prevent hypoxemia
• Investigations as per order
• Fluid replacement to prevent fluid volume deficit
• Administration of antibiotics as per order
• Sterile dressing
• Bed cradle can be provided to ensure comfort