Question

11. Identify principles of: a. body mechanics, b. ergonomics. (XILC.7) A body mechanics 8 ergonomics 12. Identify critical elements of an emergency plan for response to a natural disaster or other emergency. (XIl.C.8) 13. Describe dictary nutrients including: a. carbohydrates, b. fat, c. protein, d. minerals, e. electrolytes, f. vitamins, g. fiber, h. water. (IV.C.I) A. carbohydrates. B. fat: Cprotein: D. minerals: Eelectrolytes F.vitamins: G fiber: H. water: 14. Define the function of dietary supplements. (IV.C2)

Answer 1

11. Identify principles of:

a. body mechanics:
Body Mechanics refers to how one uses their body. Sitting, standing, bending, lifting, working etc. with poor postural positions are instances of using poor body mechanics.

Principles of body mechanics:

• When we need to move a heavy object, it is better to push or pull than lifting and or carrying it
• Do not twist your body and lift at the same time
• Keep back straight and maintain a curve in your back
• Use the weight of your body to help push or pull
• Spread feet 8-10" for balance. Wide base support
• Use the large muscles of arms and legs
• Always use the center of gravity when carrying a load
• Size up the load first. If it is too large, do not move it alone
• Bend at hips and knees when you need to pick something up

b. ergonomics:
"Ergonomics” is derived from two Greek words: “ergon”, meaning work and “nomoi”, meaning natural laws. Ergonomists study human capabilities in relationship to work demands. Ergonomics generally refers to creating a healthier work, home or driving environment to decrease stress on the body.

• Promotes personal safety in the workplace
• correct placement and use of furniture and equipment
• Encourages workers to avoid repetitive motions
• Prevents injuries at work

12. Identify critical elements of an emergency plan for response to a natural disaster or other emergency.

Disasters, whether arising from natural or man-made circumstances, usually strike without warning and could occur during a typical workday in any type of medical office. During a crisis, you should be prepared to assist not only patients and coworkers but the community at large.

Emergency planning, a discipline of urban planning and design, first aims to prevent emergencies from occurring, and failing that, should develop a good action plan to mitigate the results and effects of any emergencies. As time goes on, and more data become available, usually through the study of emergencies as they occur, a plan should evolve. The development of emergency plans is a cyclical process, common to many risk management disciplines, such as business continuity and security risk management, as set out below:

•     Recognition or identification of risks
•     Ranking or evaluation of risks
•     Responding to significant risks
•     Tolerating
•     Treating
•     Transferring
•     Terminating
•     Resourcing controls and planning
•     Reaction planning
•     Reporting and monitoring risk performance
•     Reviewing the risk management framework

There are a number of guidelines and publications regarding emergency planning, published by professional organizations such as ASIS, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), and the International Association of Emergency Managers (IAEM). There are very few emergency management specific standards, and emergency management as a discipline tends to fall under business resilience standards.

13. Describe dietary nutrients including:

a. carbohydrates:
Carbohydrates are necessary for a healthy body. Carbs fuel your body, especially your central nervous system and brain, and protect against disease.

Before you reach for the white bread or pasta, keep in mind that the type of carb you eat matters. Some carbs are healthier than others. Opt for whole grains, beans, and fiber-rich vegetables and fruits instead of refined grains and products with added sugar.

b. fat:
Fats often get a bad rap, but recent research has shown that healthy fats are an important part of a healthy diet. Fat supports many of your body’s functions such as vitamin and mineral absorption, blood clotting, building cells, and muscle movement.

Yes, fat is high in calories, but those calories are an important energy source for your body. Including healthy fats in your diet can help you to balance your blood sugar, decrease your risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes, and improve your brain function. They’re also powerful anti-inflammatories, and they may lower your risk of arthritis, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease.

The most famous unsaturated fats are omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Unsaturated fats are important for your body as they provide essential fatty acids your body can’t make. You can find these healthy fats in nuts, seeds, fish, and vegetable oils (like olive, avocado, and flaxseed). Coconut oil provides plant-based fats in the form of medium-chain triglycerides which impart health benefits like faster utilization by organs as fuel and appetite control.

c. protein:
Protein is having its moment, and not just in the workout community. But all of the hype is for a good reason. Protein is essential for good health.

Protein provides the building blocks of the body, and not just for muscle. Every cell, from bone to skin to hair, contains protein.

While meat, fish, and eggs are good sources of essential amino acids, you can also get protein from plant sources like beans, soy, nuts, and some grains. Exactly how much protein you need daily depends on a variety of factors including how active you are, and your age.

d. minerals:
Much like vitamins, minerals help support the body. They’re essential for many body functions, including building strong bones and teeth, regulating your metabolism, and staying properly hydrated. Some of the most common minerals are calcium, iron, and zinc.

In addition to strengthening bones, calcium helps with nerve signal transmission, maintaining healthy blood pressure, and muscle contraction and relaxation. Iron supports your red blood cells and hormone creation, while zinc boosts your immune system and wound healing.

e. electrolytes:
“Electrolyte” is the umbrella term for particles that carry a positive or negative electric charge. Electrolytes are involved in many essential processes in your body.

They play a role in conducting nervous impulses, contracting muscles, keeping you hydrated and regulating your body’s pH levels.

Therefore, you need to get an adequate amount of electrolytes from your diet to keep your body functioning as it should.

The main food sources of electrolytes are fruits and vegetables. However, in the Western diet, a common source of sodium and chloride is table salt. Electrolytes like bicarbonate are naturally produced in your body, so you don’t need to worry about including them in your diet.

f. vitamins:
Vitamins are vital for warding off disease and staying healthy. The body needs these micronutrients to support its functions. There are 13 essential vitamins that the body needs to function properly, including vitamins A, C, B6, and D.

Each vitamin plays an important role in the body, and not getting enough of them can cause health problems and disease. Vitamins may lower the risk of lung and prostate cancer, and they’re powerful antioxidants. Vitamins like vitamin C boost the immune system and help the body heal.

g. fiber:
Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that the body can’t digest. Though most carbohydrates are broken down into sugar molecules, fiber cannot be broken down into sugar molecules, and instead it passes through the body undigested. Fiber helps regulate the body’s use of sugars, helping to keep hunger and blood sugar in check.

Great sources are whole fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and beans.

h. water:
You can go for weeks without food, but you can’t last more than a few days without water. Water is absolutely crucial for every system in your body. It’s also the main thing you are made of. About 62 percent of your body weight is water.

Water improves your brain function and mood. It acts a shock absorber and a lubricant in the body. It also helps flush out toxins, carry nutrients to cells, hydrate the body, and prevent constipation.

Even mild dehydration can make you feel tired and impair your concentration and physical performance.

You don’t have to chug water to stay hydrated. Fruits and vegetables can also be a great source. Munch on some spinach or watermelon to stay hydrated.

The best way to know if you’re properly hydrated is the color and volume of your urine. If your urine isn’t frequent and pale yellow or nearly clear, you need more water.

14. Define the function of dietary supplements.

The idea behind food supplements, also called dietary or nutritional supplements, is to deliver nutrients that may not be consumed in sufficient quantities. Food supplements can be vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, and other substances delivered in the form of pills, tablets, capsules, liquid, etc.

Dietary supplements are vitamins, minerals, herbs, and many other products. They can come as pills, capsules, powders, drinks, and energy bars. Supplements do not have to go through the testing that drugs do. Some supplements can play an important role in health.