Question

Which statement about energy metabolism is correct?

a. Glycogen stored in the pancreas provides a reserve supply of glucose.

b. Vitamins stored in the gallbladder are released as needed.

c. During an extended fast, fat reserves stored in fat cells provide energy for cellular processes.

d. Liver cells hold reserves of calcium and sodium that can be drawn on to keep blood levels constant.

e. Amino acids stored in the kidneys can supply protein needs on a long-term basis.

Which organ is the first to receive nutrients absorbed from the digestive tract?

a. The stomach

b. The heart

c. The liver

d. The pancreas

e. The large intestine

What of the following is an example of anabolism?

a. Glucose to glucagon

b. Amino acids to body proteins or fat

c. Glycerol to fatty acids

d. Body fat to fatty acids

e. Triglycerides to glycerol

Which nutrient enters the lymph system before entering the bloodstream?

a. Water-soluble vitamins

b. Fat-soluble vitamins

c. Digested proteins

d. Digested carbohydrates

e. Absorbed alcohol

After absorption in the small intestine, what components enter the large intestine?

a. Fiber, waste product, and minerals

b. Colonic bacteria, fiber, and water

c. Colonic bacteria, fiber, waste product, and minerals

d. Fat-soluble vitamins, fiber, and minerals

e. Water, fiber, and minerals Which substance is a stomach secretion that is matched correctly with its description? a. intrinsic factor – kills bacteria b. hydrochloric acid – necessary for absorption of vitamin B12 c. thick mucus – forms a protective barrier for the stomach lining d. gastric juice – activates pepsinogen e. bile – partially digests starch

Answer 1

During an extended fast or starvation condition, the fat reserves which are stored in fat cells provide energy for cellular processes. Option C is correct regarding the energy metabolism.

The small intestine serves as the major site for digestion as well as for the absorption of nutrients, then it goes into theblood stream.

Conversion ofamino acid to protein or fat is constructive process and is categorized as anabolism. Hence option B is correct.

Large fat cells and fatty contents , including the fat soluble vitamins enters the lymph system before entering the bloodstream. Hence option B is correct.

Colonic bacteria, fiber, waste product, and minerals enter the large intestine, after absorption in the small intestine. Option C is correct.

Hydrochloric acid is highly required for the absorption process of vitamin B_12. Option B is correct. It helps in the separation of vitamin B₁₂ from the food proteins and subsequently enables its complexation with the intrinsic factors in the stomach , as essential for its absorption.