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Question 9 5 pts Which clients should the nurse monitor closely for manifestations of multiple organ dysfunction syn-drame (MODS)? Select all that apply. Client with diabetic ketoacidosis Client with acute respiratory failure O Client with a basilar skull injury Client with a gastrointestinal bleed Client with sepsis Question 10 5 pts

Answer 1

• client with diabetic ketoacidosis,
• client with acute respiratory failure
• client with basilar skull injury
• client with sepsis

multiple organ dysfunction can occur in diabetic ketoacidosis. the patient should be monitored closely .besides treatment for hemodialysis the patient should be given following cares.

• intubation
• DKA treatment,
• dopamine
• CVVH(Continuos venovenous hemodialysis.)
• intermittent venovenous hemodialysis
• antibiotics for treating infection and other supportive care.

acute respiratory failure can lead to multiple organ dysfunction.

In patients with acute failure of respiration the major cause of death is multiple organ dysfunction syndromes.  

failure in respiration lead to failure of central nervous system coagulation, endocrine, gastrointestinal and renal system.patients are easily prone to catch infection that may lead to death. vigorous evaluation and treatment of infection of the patient with respiratory failure may improve survival.

clients with basilar skull injury.

• intensive care management is necessary in brain injury to treat and prevent secondary ischemic injury.Systemic complications may occur because of neurogenic causes such as massive catecholamine and neuroinflammatory response associated with brain injury or as a complication of treatment. the patient should be supported with intensive supportive care which include
• cardiorespiratory support
• damage control surgery and debridement of infected tissues.
• volume replacement and blood products.
• protective mechanical ventilation.
• nutritional support.
• management of hyperglycemia.

clients with sepsis

sepsis ultimately lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. The pathogenic mechanism that underlie multiple organ dysfunction in sepsis are complex and not elucidated. Most implicated molecular culprits are overshooting of host immune responses o the infectious trigger, endothelial cell activation and glycocalyx destruction, alteration at the mitochondrial level and uncontrolled apoptosis.

treatment care:

early recognition and early initiation of appropriate treatment.

major therapeutic approach includes

• aggressive fluid resuscitation
• early and appropriates antibiotic treatment.