Question

2. Explain the various types of hormo ne various types of hormonal method of contraception.

Answer 1

Hormonal method of contraception is a effective method to prevent the pregnancy

It is usually of 3 type

1. Combined hormonal therapy

2. Progesterone only pills

3. Progesterone depot

1. The combined hormonal pills are usually of 3 types

A. Combined pills - these are the pills which has both progesterone and oestrogen

The mechanism of action of combined pills is of 3 type

It increase the level of progesterone and estrogens which reduce or decrease the level of FSH and LH which further course inhibition to ovulation and eggs are not released

It make cervical mucus thick which prevent the entry of the sperm

It also make endometrium thin so further process cannot be occurred

The combined oral pills should be taken for continues 21 days and rest 7 days of the month are free from pills

B . Combined transdermal patch

These are the small combined patch which have both ethinyloestraolol and norelgestromin (progesterone)

These transdermal patch can be applied to any part such as abdomen , upper arm

They should be changed in every 7 days and should be applied till 21 days and then 7 days rest is given

C. Combined vaginal ring

It is a ring shaped and should be placed in female reproductive organ it should be placed for 21 days and then 7 days break should be taken

2. Progesterone only pills

These are also known as mini pills and they contain only progesterone .

They make mucus thick and hostile so that the entry of sperm is prevented

They should be taken every day at a fixed time with window of 3 hrs

They are bit less effective then combined hormonal therapy

It is usually used for those who cannot tolerate the combined pills

3. Contraceptive injection prevent the ovulation for 3 months and after 3 months a fresh injection is injected . It produce serious side effect such as excessive bleeding and loss of bone density

Contraceptive implants

They last for 3 years and can be removed in between. they are placed under the skin and are show long lasting effeft

There is no problem of loss of bone density

Advantages of hormonal methods are

They are very useful in rape and unprotected sex

They provide painless and normal periods

They decrease chances of ovarian and uterin cancer

Disadvantage are

There are serious side effect such as

Nausea vomiting

Mood swings

Depression

Bone weakness

Bleeding

Thank you