Question

provide 2 examples of observational study approaches from a quantitative and qualitative perspective

Answer 1

In case of observational research, the researcher do not intervene with the experimental conditions, instead, observe the changes occurring from several aspects and determine the factors influencing. The results of Observation research leads to the experimental research.

Example 1: Cross-sectional study is an observational study in which data collected from a particular group of subjects at one specific point is analysed. The test groups that are different at a particular variable of interest but share other characters are compared (qualitative). The results are analyzed statistically (quantitative).

Example 2: Case-control study is an observational retrospective study in which two groups are compared on the basis of exposure to the cause of disease attributes, At the end of the study, the results are compared with the initial status (qualitative), and the statistical significance is determined (quantitative). The two groups in the study include people that are exposed to certain conditions or diseased and the another group include the people that are not exposed to the condition.