Ans) Beta 2 adrenergic agonists':
Action:
- Effects on smooth muscle cause dilation of bronchial passages, vasodilation in muscle and liver, relaxation of uterine muscle, and release of insulin.
Used:
They are primarily used to treat asthma and other pulmonary disorders, such as COPD.
Side effects:
The most common side effects are changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Selective binding to beta-1 receptors commonly causes tachycardia, palpitations, and hypertension. Tachyarrhythmias and anxiety can also be common. High doses may induce dangerous arrhythmias.
Albuterol is a long-acting beta 2-adrenergic receptor-selective drug that relaxes airway smooth muscle.
- It is currently available in the United States in oral and metered-dose inhaler forms. Nebulizer solutions and parenteral preparations are likely to be marketed here in the future.
- The chemical modifications that make albuterol beta 2-selective also promote oral bioavailability and increased duration of action by decreasing sensitivity to degradative enzymes.
- Albuterol can also produce undesirable dose-related effects: metabolic effects including decreased levels of plasma potassium, phosphate, calcium and magnesium; increased levels of plasma glucose, insulin, renin, lactate and ketones; peripheral vasodilation and perhaps some direct cardiac stimulation resulting in decreased systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, increased pulse pressure and tachycardia; and skeletal muscle tremor.
- These side effects are most common with parenteral administration and much less prominent with aerosol administration, which yields lower systemic concentrations. Limited pharmacokinetic data suggest a long distribution phase, a terminal half-life of 3-8 hours, and 10-20% oral bioavailability.
- Aerosolization of albuterol or a similar agent with a compressed-air nebulizer appears to be best first-line management of the patient with acute dyspneic asthma, but appropriate preparations for this kind of therapy are currently missing from the United States market. Intravenous albuterol has also been employed in acutely dyspneic patients, but produces more side effects than carefully administered intravenous theophylline, is impaired by lack of sufficient pharmacokinetic information to guide dosing, and is of uncertain efficacy in the asthmatic with respiratory failure. However, it appears to lack the potentially life-threatening side effects that can result when theophylline is used carelessly . In the ambulatory patient, aerosolized albuterol (or a similar agent) administered by metered-dose inhaler is an excellent agent for treatment as needed and/or for prevention of acute bronchospasm triggered by exercise or other predictable cause.
- Advantages include a high degree of efficacy, rapid onset and long duration of effect, and minimal side effects. Regularly scheduled administration of albuterol by metered-dose inhaler is a widely used and effective maintenance medication for patients requiring long-term prophylactic therapy. However comparisons of the ability of this regimen and the other common maintenance regimens (cromolyn and theophylline) to control chronic symptoms of asthma are needed.
ATION Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists GORY CLASS Bronchodilators Albuterol (Proventil)
Drug card for Bronchodilators albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)
1. What are the actions of adrenergic agonists and adrenergic blockers? 2. You are preparing to administer albuterol to your patient with asthma. What classification is this drug? Explain how albuterol works to control asthma? . a. What will you assess prior to administering this medication? b. What side effects and adverse reactions will you monitor for while your patient is taking this medication? . c. How would you evaluate your patient to . d. What are the nursing interventions...
i need hep These are the trade names for albuterol except: Accuneb® Pro-Air® Proventil® Venterol® What is the correct drug classification for albuterol? bronchodilator cholinergic blocker beta adrenergic blocker alpha receptor blocker
1. Sympathetic /adrenergic nervous system function. 2. Beta-blocker (atenolol) contraindications. 3. Opiate agonists definition. 4. Opiate receptors. 5. When prophylactic antibiotics are used? 6. First quinolone. 7. Expectorant definition. 8. Most and least sedative antitussives. 9. Neuromuscular blocking reversal. 10. Direct-acting muscle relaxants. 11. Tetracycline interactions. 12. Warfarin interactions with OTC medications. 13. Anticholinergic side effects. 14. Dantrolente action. 15. Antitussives use and examples. 16. Albuterol action/use. 17. Drug schedule 18. Steroid inhaler examples. 19. ciprofloxacin (Cipro) side effects.
1. What are the actions of adrenergic agonists and adrenergic blockers? 2. You are preparing to administer albuterol to your patient with asthma. What classification is this drug? Explain how albuterol works to control asthma? a. What will you assess prior to administering this medication? b. What side effects and adverse reactions will you monitor for while your patient is taking this medication? c. How would you evaluate your patient to know the medication was effective? d. What are the...
Albuterold, a bronchodilator of the beta-2 adrenergic drug type, can be administered by nebulizer or inhaler. A nebulizer trwatnebf for an adult patient consists of 2.5 mg of albuterol in the form of albuterol sulfate soltion. This is administered for 5 to 15 minutes, three to four times a day. If the concentration of the solution is 1.25 mg/3 ml, how many milliliters are required for four administrations?
IN BULLET POINTS PLEASE What are the different drug prototypes called "bronchodilators" and how do they differ in their mechanism of action to achieve a pharmacotherapeutic effect? What laboratory tests should a nurse monitor in a client taking a beta 2 adrenergic agonist like albuterol? What is the relationship between smoking and COPD? How do asthma and COPD differ? What role can complementary and integrative medicine interventions have on pain? How does morphine achieve its pharmacotherapeutic effect for analgesia?
96. The nurse cares for a client receiving albuterol (Proventil) 2 puffs, and beclomethasone (Vanceril) 2 puffs through inhalers. The nurse should include which of the following statements when counseling the client? 1. "Use of the Proventil inhaler and then use the Vance ril inhaler." 2. "Use the vanceril inhaler and t;lohen the Proventil inhaler." 3. "You should take 1 puff of each inhaler, wait a minute, and then repeat the process." 4. "Either inhaler can be used first as...
Case Study, Chapter 30, Adrenergic Agonists A patient is experiencing serious ventricular arrhythmias and shock following a heart transplant. The physician has ordered isoproterenol and dopamine to be administered to the patient. (Learning Objectives 2, 4, and 5) What is the therapeutic action for isoproterenol? What are the adverse effects of isoproterenol? What is the therapeutic action for dopamine? What are the adverse effects of dopamine? What are the key nursing implementation considerations for patients receiving an adrenergic agent?
Q5. Which of the following beta-2 adrenergic receptor-selective agonist(s):may be used in management of both chronic and acute asthma? A) Ritodrine & Terbutaline B) Terbutaline & Albuterol C) Ritodrine & Propranolol D) Timolol & Propranolol Q6. What is the primary pharmacological action of Rivastigmine? A) AChE activator b) AChE inhibitor C) NMDA receptor blocker neuroinflammation D) Inhibitor of