Question

a

lymph Small-chain fatty acids can enter the bloodstream directly, but large-chain fatty acids must be packaged first before entering the fat substitutes high-density lipoproteins essential fatty acids can be carbohydrate-, protein-, or fat-based. remove cholesterol from tissues and deliver it to the liver for use in bile or excretion. bile micelles and must be obtained from the Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid are considered diet. olestra chylomicron is needed to help mix fats with watery fluids. low-density lipoproteins Carriers that transport monoglycerides and fatty acids to intestinal cells are called contains 6 to 8 fatty acids connected to sucrose, and cannot be broken down by digestive enzymes. is a lipoprotein carrier that transports digested fat and other lipids through the lymph system.

b

c

d

e

f

Answer 1

a.

• Small-chain fatty acids can enter the bloodstream directly, but large-chain fatty acids must be packaged first before entering the lymph.

Lymph absorbs and transports fatty acids to the digestive system in the form of chyle.

• Fat substitutes can be carbohydrate-, protein-, or fat-based.

Fat substitutes are chemically synthesized substance obtained from carbohydrate, protein, or fat.

• High-density Lipoprotein remove cholesterol from tissues and deliver it to the liver for use in bile or excretion.

HDL is good cholesterol that removes cholesterol from the body and transports to the liver.

• Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid are considered essential fatty acids & must be obtained from the diet.

Essential fatty acids are necessary fatty acids which are not synthesized in the body and are obtained through food.

• Bile needed to help mix fats with watery fluids.

Bile is a fluid secreted to digest the content of lipids in the small intestine.

• Carriers that transport monoglycerides and fatty acids to intestinal cells are called micelles.

Monoglycerides and fatty acids mingle with bile salts to form micelles.

• Olestra contains 6 to 8 fatty acids connected to sucrose, and cannot be broken down by the digestive enzyme.

olestra is a fat substitute that will not add any calories.

• A Chylomicron is a lipoprotein carrier that transports digested fat and other lipids through the lymph system.

Chylomicron consists of lipoprotein, that transport fat from the intestine into the lymphatic system.

c.

1. the narrowing of arteries also called atherosclerosis, is thought to start with an injury to an artery's interior wall.

2. The buildup within an artery wall of plaques can greatly obstruct the flow through the artery's passage.

3. One macrophage gobble-up cholesterol-laden LDL and becomes enlarged, they are transformed into a fatty streak.

4. A person whose blood pressure is 140/90 is said to have hypertension.

5. A blood vessel leading to a heart is blocked by a clot, a heart attack can result.

6. The coronary arteries are the large blood vessels that supply oxygen and other nutrients to the heart.

7. A risk factor is a characteristic, variable, or behavior, that increases the probability of developing injury, infection, or disease.

8. Syndrome X/metabolic syndrome refers to the presence of several risk factors together that can result in an increased chance of developing heart disease.