Question

Which of the following is typically found as part of the prokaryotic genome? O linear chromosomes O chloroplast DNA O mitochondrial DNA plasmids QUESTION 4 Match the type of RNA with its function. B. 4 mRNA A. codes for a protein B. makes up majority of ribosome A. A rRNA C. A tRNA C. recognize specific codons and transport amino acids

Answer 1

Prokaryotes --- do not have a well defined Nucleus. Nuclear material or genetic material is scattered in cytoplasm. They lack cell organelles. They generally possess a circular, double-stranded piece of DNA called as plasmid. They can be multiple in number in cell at a time. It is very important tool in biotechnology and work as cloning vectors.

Example -- bacteria

Answer to question, which is typically found as part of prokaryotic genome is PLASMIDS; option d.

Other options are wrong as chloroplast DNA and mitochondrial DNA are found in cell organelle chloroplast and Mitochondria respectively. These cell organelles are found in eukaryotic cells so they are not part of prokaryotic genome.

Linear chromosomes are present in eukaryotic cells. They have linear shape and possess terminal ends. While in prokaryotic cells circular chromosome is present.

answer 4 -

RNA -- stands for Ribonucleic acid. It acts as genetic material in viruses, bacteria,etc. But are known as non-genetic RNA. Are single stranded and replicate in very less time and are very prone to mutations due to highly unstable nature. It is most abundant material in cell. It is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Due to its different functions it is of 3 types---

1) mRNA (5-10%)

2) rRNA. (-80%)

3) tRNA (10-15%)

mRNA --- also called messanger RNA. As it carries the message or genetic information from DNA by process called transcription. These are short lived. They consist of Adenine, cytosine, Guanine and Uracil (absent in DNA). Their main function is to code for proteins or amino acids. And then these codes are decoded by tRNA to make amino acid or proteins.

It is present in the least amount upto 5-10%.

rRNA --- also called as Ribosomal RNA. It acts as catalyst. It is the most abundant RNA in the cell and constitutes about 80% of RNA in cell. It is stable and is associated with ribosomes hence named Ribosomal RNA.

tRNA --- also called transfer RNA. It is also known as sRNA ( soluble RNA). These work as adapter molecules for carrying amino acid molecules to the site of protein synthesis. The process is translation and occurs in ribosomes. It constitutes about 10-15% of total RNA in cell.

So, according to these answers to questions are :

mRNA ---- codes for protein.

rRNA ---- makes up majority of RNA.

tRNA ---- recognise specific codons and transport amino acids.

Thank you...

Expect a ???....