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5 Describe the process of DNA replication; include the following terms: antiparallel structure, DNA Okazaki fragments, DNA li
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The process of DNA replication involves four steps,

  • Initiation
  • Primer binding
  • Elongation
  • Termination

Initiation: This results in the formation of replication fork. The double stranded DNA are unwind into single stranded structure by the action of the enzyme DNA helicase. One of the DNA strand is oriented in the 3' - 5' direction also known as leading strand and the other is oriented 5' - 3' also known as lagging strand.

Primer binding: a short piece of RNA strand binds to the 3' end known as primer. This process takes place with the help of enzyme DNA primase

Elongation: The enzyme DNA polymerase play an important role in DNA elongation. DNA polymerase 3 binds at the site of primer and adds complimentary base pairs. The synthesis of lagging strands rake place by means of okazaki fragments.

Termination: DNA exonucleases are involved in termination. DNA ligase joins together the okazaki fragments.

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